nsidered by 
uld have been more applicable 
à A 
war rcc to s deus (bello serv vivid. 
eat 8 to the ale 
ad hieß ef signifies slaves born in 
the 
base 
l 
ee by European 
Th 
e tops bound together, 
of the grafts being a 
de cr state that the soil 
THE GREAT OREGON PEAR 
veral two and 
lish Beil v 
variety —were 
grafted i into the White 
tree: 
tin 
the larg e urses—two 
the heels of which are situated about 8 feet apart, the 
geo : es — om the ground." Mr. Walling 
—black, rich, and deep, and — 
e pla aced under ‘the 1 tree ee the growing season a half-barrel tub 
ater. 
ould 
2 Ibs. 15 ozs., and m 
Usnea florida, which has a stron; 
e just as Osmunda is the fi 
re are many o 
which require dili; 
"emend a pope ee 
g claim to be the 3 
xx Fern. 
points in the 
— examination ; SURA 
ig ing 73 lbs 
3 feet E 3 inches i in see: -— int v» 
nes in circum- 
young, 
bet in — old 
animals, a fac 
ae $ 
D 
E janvasr 8, 1859. THE GARDENERS 5 21 
- ——€————— à 
SS, tants of this and the neigh- lin appearance, that they were lon, i ver as such by unknown; 
) and — hs the inhabitants of SX eee ee botanists, OS did foi fun ain — study. The wonder that i pn vod 177 “spontanerns pote ong pal 
4 pouring p S. genus Bæ rie y B roseus) T resembles in odour, tex-| strength from these facts, until G. F. Me eyer established the 
j at that I tried an experiment this last season | ture, and , a Helvella. Acharius long ri — Endoc: carpon fact that Lichens were possessed of a are of cells, which are 
j I may den of a friend with respect to planting bec de iy P "the genus Thelephora. Co 8 spongiosu: able, in the absence of apothecia, and without impregnation, 
in the garden lbs. of sets in the way sug- used to be mistaken for a Peziza. So also pce 9 of reproducing the plant. This gonidic layer, as it is called, lies 
‘ Potatoes. I plante 8 : im e other , the fam. D hais jes imi 1 k Col- immediately beneath the cortex of the hallus, and its isolated 
; by the la . A. Knight, : ave them Jema pubescens was long claim Alga, bot een cells are peculiar and characteristic of this class of vege- 
gested f room by having the rows a yard asunder, and | Verrucaria submersa and Endoear von: miniatum resemble Alge | tables; being “i mediate in their function between the 
plenty © 8 inches apart from set t. in the in their habit. Hence a uch misconception, and vegetative and reproductive cell, assuming the 5, and par- 
] the Potatoes 18 1 T th in ridges in the | Very erroneous views s fa Tn Agency ie otherwise Aa ing of the characters d both." Accor g to Scherer, their 
row. Instead of earthi e i - species and — tirok ien enlarged views and incre: wen uctive pow ven greater than that of the spores, 
usual way, when ready for t operation, I laid the | Knowle edge have helped to dispel. he whole histor "d "the reproduction of the Cryptogamia is 
t down on the surface of ground and| Most Lichen arrive at perfection in the and | most remarkable, and taken in connexion wi 4 ome facts 
g shoots fa - i afford much employment d - botanist a at p aod referred to by gemere in his last edition of ‘‘ The Plant,” ve: 
rth upon them, and from time to time as ; "ey 
| placed the ea po 2 Piani thes stouDed h usually looked e dead season. Their significant. It seems as though € = — ent of qe 
inereased I added more earth un Y Stopped | powers of absorbing moist re " re conspicu-| tion, both of Ditis. and animals, sition state, 
" : t digging-up time I was well rewarded for ied Perm when they are sometimes totally changed | from the pressure of the fac alluded. io, added $ n^ thoes of par- 
fe gro bl The crop -sized Potatoes weighed | in appe e and : olour ; as End: on sorediatum, which | thenogenesis, &c. ; and 5 niis the en a sufficient col- 
my uble. QU hee Tomba uv the stom thu hango. from earthy-brown to olive-green. From a con- | lection of facts shall authorise a new vel ið Miren tion. 
without chats 130 lbs. eJ A * sideration of these facts, We shall not be surpris that qm hor next proceeded to refer to the uses of Lichens as 
® the Potatoes hung like f Onions, the nearer | the largest and ha a est Lichens inhabit Alpine regions. food and medicine. The nutritive Belen cen of Lichens 
UI the top of the shoots ue Potatoes became gradually whee n 5 1 5 Lichen, Parmelia glomulifera, | chiefly consist of gum and starch—the gum very similar i 
0 er. Here the Potato is particularly productive, | whose thallus is often erata a eet a er, as e as the | character and properties to gum arabic, and thé starch of two 
smaller. July 25, 1888 ndsome Parm erata an DEM and the most m: d lichenin and Mica. the for er peculiar to Lichens, 
the William Swale, July sland Cup-lichen, Seyphophor ellidiflorus, whose scar! = shared b dante: ES fen h 
——— cp ign ey the flower of a double red Daisy, are Alpin 8 : EN Wetman orate 
g T RITISH LICHENS: So also are the grass-green Solorina crocea, and the fimbriated sei pur e en E in ee 
hi ON (on aria ert h 
5 „ which is sadi i toa extent even 
th THEIR CHARACTER AND USES. n this country, the imports having r decr amount of 
ERT CoLtincw OD, M. B., F. L. S. 20, 500 e in a year. It is here, however, used rather a 
No the organic ertheless,” the words pk pon medicine ud pe — — 8 d gums de m na 5 
áchens ; ee i starch an , the latter producing a 
so valuel o the mouth of Friar nas i —— equal ais and Mos: ei deer Meus 
Bion vette rangiferina), although net As it re country, nor 
y ma; t be tted; for in ice- 
Forn bound m Poma "s ie i de ad de ent * his domestic 
But 1 3 some special good doth give.“ — e for everything, aoe — find a table spread 
5 or from a com- ously em in mon unpromising situations, 
For Slant of ew or even teh iy setheticelly. where their mstinct alone would lead them to 
ement o e pieturesque in the land- 
roperties of Lichens were more 
llo: OF open: was long in rept 
medic n jaundice, for no othe 
reason eppetelitly than bee of its gr aec 
the t assumed in EOM So, wor 
Sticta pulm n dn resem- 
blance its thai enr to the lobes 
and pits of the lungs, was thought 
useful in p wA ers, But, 
as Sir James Smith Ernie the sig- 
nature was not an untrue one, for this 
Lichen oe in a marked degree, 
those germ and bitter pro- 
ew mak 
useful pec- 
toral medicines Peltigera 
was lon, vogue 
horus pyxidatus 
here na cough. 'But the 
P ny 
1 * pov 
the same—viz., “their bitter 
principle and thei — 
situations where they have been 
fact which al 
