THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
mim eren eee Sih a Re mmissione 
he 
tural arteries are o employed for everv ip above the reach of the | Sort of w em arliament, e 4 
130 
e nat u 
h drainage-——and the calar 
ater 1 for, and - water is o grim or such | to their rai g : 1 j * 
s er is good — inage necessities, inst g con- | reeking and pestilential valleys upon the T of ja 
ducted speedily to the sea. "T great proporti of our populi tion. ii tbe 
5 si n a consideration of the various Maece he mg y Een of water way 
k fe ino 
the damage, the natur : f e 
ents vega and the means by which opposing |c pre, devise, support, o 
i de re ed or compensated, and the |as at preach; al Uie weir 
interests M be reconci mitting proposals to the di 
il 
e burden of the improvement equitably RHET te ü 
2 Tite ies concerne he advantage of the 
pid Ji according to advantages c conferred, my paper w oul * its poset arns the district 
of basket s of sh. asonable limits 
ending: g f the water for the few vment of running water as | p aged far r beyond 1 any re gd on 
a motive ive po wer, . of transport, or a supp * 6 general oe prong me Blithe said two 
Dy ark, or for the refreshing of a stream for water-power; an yi 
towns, as m orhament in, — of greater pen) ec een Ep is not som ag “mills drown and boggify more eS — 
a 1 i 3 orth . ] 
inflicted upon any interest, wet that there is an amply capa- | than themselves roa fe de anie tatlength of 60 ar 
i B tle* of the heaviest “downfall, without | upper valley of the Nene has I a a8 
overt ed Hac M my to nds by the prevention of the | the river Welland, tetro preg tes Poa Sat Ha | m 
e ia ourses bo; h, is much obstruc y x ; 1 
2 — —— t 3 es in this res I 1 stream in Dorsetshire there are no fewer th five mill ‘oul ‘ 
dertake to say, but the following recor f — à withi x a : = z qoo eem id d dn are * 
— h t of the still greater mischief | generally inadequate to the dischar, S à hà ni 
pe me Ae — ri shows the prevalence of de ne rt fall, which therefore overspreads the low lands; and, besides navigation 95 simple anaes on z 
and ill-managed rivers. [Cases of vi — — tho from the this, the water-level is often held up for the purpose of nav ES will be: n f etta 0 
ae s western dis were then merated. ion. AsI have before said, no single method i e ant: pt Mega : i is n5 
wil apply to all districts; in one case, a small bre in place of the "waters Or E weet 
ro 
These items, picked up by A Henri m — d in, Fa. ma nog pan ae so valuable as tbe mill or factory 
gleaned hon newspapers of the > period, do not co — mc: hho mischlof: in another, ib may be possible to pur- where na 
i boe ase and abolish a hog ine pon "p and set end — vaya : As diem ay A Sent number et 
In one valley you may a Apes amos end cheap! 
half the "flooding streams of our country ; and Jo per. at | substituting steam for wa Tr. with mpensation for y ea d oma ‘cone 
ceive that the marsh and fen i n distri ^ed gos hief the greater expensiveness of this n hive: ‘power, or b or by haing — ee Mi mE 
arts of — coast around our island, but chief) windmills instead ; in another, you may ance o 
int — Gre i at — the ash, have not | the maillans d provide o their wheels actae per 10 down t prineipigs pen hiems a are v. 
2 ructed and regular 2 9 In one case there may be a canal company to v bom insisting wen ai hes e general d 
t treat with for total aeree in — you may unite a ir» a f£ 1852, 2 Bill 5 dy ore tho publie He 
conserved upon system, under companies or loca acts, | better navigation with securer drain In ons instance MH Lt E E uris ‘or 0 Drainage and 
with drainage taxes to defray the cost of the works, the | there may not bea Sufficient a mi of land iz to warrant a 5 Carlisl M em cde pee ithdrawal fro use oco Lords 
Fen rivers do not overflow their margins; and when a | measure, and you must be vat sfied with an improve — bequest 155 um Ministry succeeding that of S 
n 
e 
ando 
ombined with better d 
: tion of the irrigating w woke rs; in another, half measures wou 
i 
de does 
— na or other artificial erection. However, | the town and ee try interests combined to relieve 7 all 1 rm t admire a centralis ps! 2 "t. 
were an action brought against the English streams to | possibility ona D o = deep out ou to Thn f a istrict ferring, as ay be as is expedient, to administer h 
recover the value of even what E ze ge : Way accom appe Mer dius ge, T may rtr ; to a affairs. Yet I do think th 
y interes nd | des escription of the DN and Derwent iei hk v ke I ien lightly sketched out would be aj 
€lasses in town a e eee e ue given in the Royal. Agricultural Socie s Journal of 1853. pre situation, without trenching too cosy 
agriculturis vists, ln ndowners, a and the community at large 8 is case, under a local Act of en, 27,000 acres were the erte of the subject. "There appears 
Vd ; 
28 
th fig arge ed for the 9 ent; d 20,0001. out of the 30,000/. f ii ini Se of 
NN See was paid to the three mills for their adoption of steam | be a feeling wit parties in a unir: 
> I bave ~ made out d the strength of the case instead of wake power. The pecuniary advantages of the | arterial drainage carried out by the Govemme, 
e — — U works are apparent from the fact that a single flood, such as | qo, * 
ator 
ed nder 
fre a overflowed the land, has beet ce pati to "dó more E V. É 
* — - nen ry n IE damage, if fairly valued in money, than the ele sum ex- commissioners— with a staff of hydraul 
— — ag p "f Nis at of prodno an nd property edi pended under ihe — t. For details of the present Nene Valley | those of our neighbours the marshy N 
tomed to ur 15 r . us prse a eed 1 bags in Phd md plight, | our own India, or of Northern Italy, where 
pacions v districts of flat amable land cultivated with h the very * MEL as me deine d raced to great errors | (limate renders water al 
yt dut — pati pm — . nb. i on Trunk Drainage,” written by myself in the Society's country, and irrigating liquid is me 
ose which are forced out 2 some — onn] deluge. To be 96 ie E 7 oe —— Qa aud pet iar t power of | husbazdman almost by the quart. 
a es news| i 8 ms lu 
the remainder increas the ib iion pens y a 
the damage um ade b pa danger to publio n health incurred 9 . made scarce from mits ipm preside Tired for every locality at any rat - : 
AN Karal Society’ 8 wy * Reports" Ert 1 ues — eei more LX with a better outfall, and Wisbech | remai or no. We certainly do 
for — marint Se under-drainers and — 415 andes ur picti 1 Gore pas * 
perceive the impossibility of carrying out first-class hus e question: By ectin and Tt it ca i 
8 í g pers property; 
without Y E eire for 2 ra idly en ing 33 ei Nic pier caine á be effected ? Wal the cost Ss aed s enlightens ibo inventive inde of would bop 
N ia] agitation, and appeal to the mere RT course to be defrayed by the district benefited; and surveys and m , has jurisdid 
lature, may be because body tho: ho lis} €: siens an erz . hte d: es, * our shores, |i 
— m or Psa are lookin g apon, am amendment usage, have the control of it. But by what organisa- char f roc ks a and epee AES ping, 8 
conflicting views of diffe interests conce ha a ti i 
not time to ilustrate o recte kinds of injury Permanently 
4nd perpetunlly caused by defective brooks and rivers; but 
take some of them. That the bulk of coarse hay — ished by 
1 meadows without asking any return 07 manure does 
render them of considerable value to the upland farms with 
_ the — —— is preke true; butit is also the 
acier is value is hazardous precarious, i-e tht e 
cancion S irrigation or sedimen! manuring of the 
Mn e Nile ; so that if one wo Re ger 
in another er it is too watery to bo grazed. Sor aetna d 
more years (accordi locality) your hay harvest is successful, 
the next season n 8 crop, leaving also a gritty 
Bah i tt of river-floods a: only agri- 
; for, in the neighbourhood. ¢ fies towns, just 
here the meadows ted as “accommodation 
10n or und 
taken ie Kai ntained? That a universal issuing of | political by fixing not tia sani 9 
sewers commissions under the Lim seal would answer | — gerer A t) the $ ion we are 
the purpose, we cannot for a ent believe, EERE Sity er the same mra d figu 
that navigations continne to pen ap our streams, to Satan’ e “the Weedon 
and mills dam back our N rain- -water, in spite ieu but it i t Gov 
der opaca pra ” of the evils, or of their Sy fixing | and institute surveys, and I shall therefore cit 
: — legal etm and falls. ey gens touch half lengthy address by making il i 
Asa 3 5 to the v" or d 
missi: 
water-way demanded by annually 3 delivery; pet — "lition of the whole chem, 
and — IL less could they deal with mill-dams or ancient ite K her req a 2 our 
mx som: ssion has a 
h m . 
"mei power = a ee Act of €— is the authority upon 
t ^ all our ern fen drainages, o piet 
ght therefore doubt the advantage of drying them), | works, our internal river improves ats 5 
s de m care. — his of salt marsh from the sea are at prese effected. | Dot somuny 
1 thy, until ee the cue the e procuring of faa Acts, that, 
Genera the pleasing illusion, and the tabulas | see hatra e te only ours opon to us, ts protiy certain 
statisti blic h of flooded valleys will continue in a hopeless be 
atisties ò public health EE e most PANT that|Plight. The vol initiation of relief measures, the m ly aboli 
districts abutting ik ^ ooding river, or Tsee by of an agitation, the e of an Act of Parliament for increased seals of fhe mde or 
with marshy hollows and choked vule, are praes all | of appeal previo l district, hou epi oc and no court | tion? . f 
others (excepting crow v^ ed and filthy cities) the haunts | ence of mind, u de sly ex » requires a boldness and independ- | too co FT We. K. Pg 2 to * sess full an, d 
of fever and glandular pensive series o 5 rey = these and similar ct by inv al with all 
us No ton, on io sluggish Nene, whi x rie from attempting to combi n chats LM — 0 Mente ~ he ^ or form a ji 
Mora ache ind nt Powe ot ref Sire tse erem etd e tng gece | ins ene 
„is shown “ ^ r ; i x 
to be one of the few — deadly places rd — — mous. I cannot ascertain so det ved * i fi wt al these points [^ ot 
—.— and milder but enfeebling maladies constantly visit Acts of Parliament for our numerous fen-drainin dat 1 — a commission need n 
cree qu =. E mege the } Bobwesthar malaria of the swampy the — — we could add together the sums expended in 
unh. character, as sh obtaining of the Acts fi ^ 
—— rate of mortality in Buckinghamshire, | “SS, embanking, sluice-building, * nee a 
H hy tingdonsh ire, &c. ; and, indeed, so have all our gloomy scouring and enlarging old ones, we sh as cuts, or 
and lifeless rivers, as exemplified at Norwieh, surrounded by ted that might have completed a large portio TU ates Lon 
the heavily flowing Wensum and Yaro—at Colchester, on the | pis case of the Ean-brink ent, on the Ouse above Lynn. t. e 
dull tardy Colne—at Salis dt bionable Bath. | 235 Act, in 1795, contemplated an o tha t d 
on the inactive and cheerless Avon ; and the sm er towns and owing to a heavy and obstinate contest, th of 40,0001; yet, farm anager 
parishes flanking the streams are the hothede uf interim — ^r spend 12,0001. in merel — 5 e reor alone diver e annels ; the rate 
fever, rheumatic and liver complaints, and scrofulons and pul- mated cost of the Nene Valley dramage. whic " I. In the esti- | upon sa — m: 0 
monary disorders, aggravated if not originated by the i 215,000L al her, the expense of the Ae dei Mesa ge 810 Lae of o dra 82 5 
damps and poiso uon as exhalation from which the inbabi 5 0,0001 to begin with, f Parliament w: hich a greater fullness th 
ave no 2 drain: ho i 1 ere E dg eerte dimen: 
2 od gos iu qnn —— ya 400 elieve one general Act embracing the whole king- The 
village of Cople, iu Bedfordshire, the 1 Duke of Bedford cut a! Sone wit) reform to be instituted t 
deep brook which relieved the parish of stagnant water, and ie without any 2 for a local Act i a great 
although up to that time typhus fever was any, out of the | Ta EN each TRA 
— only ‘oe — - ge happened i à period of t appears my mind thata general Act fo 
eight years. The Duke is cutting a Foa o d on 7 Y this kingd 
present uen. 3 the adjoining pari ah; and M. dns shold aportin the — — N Pos Beto T said) into 1 
ounty, as in others, m — — m exc the | Course, with all its bra uding a river or water- 
surplus labours in bene ing tl w outfall to the very pinks es and fe 1 2 tehes from the 
angles of land w e — — grou d ment basin of the Shan. And thi D NN E 
enough to pay a is independent of all others wile ie 8 i TE 
h: we now nlluded to ‘the -— d are misehiefs arising | Whether in the estuary delta, the u separate divi 
fn i Vers hist waterco di 8 det upon — ii ourse, are riu pera ley, or yii thonsan ind 
rad * ent upon M ner. N "me by and de " 
—na nely, 1 by ie ention * estqui ht uos 
of; pon the r. hts and responsibilities | i 
agricultural anims riy in the immedi: she: vicinity e (|i 17 — 18 to tea established pter — 20 et ost asides but — inquiry abe ihe 
the streams—the injuries sust: iy the ie drainage of a dist; 9 Conserve and impr; : r i 
1e injeries sustained by the lands situated | mill-power, irrigation 1 regulate al matters co — — in a speech of considerable length, 
ünland navigatio; ion, let t there be years 1852 an 5 1853, iu conseque 
