432 THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. [May 14, 1859. 
wrested wealth from the domain of the desert. siderable irse This i is done y 
| labour ery neat] 
for, thou agh i it may make all equal ny the. | — all this m: y be traced the history "of the future of|larly. ut down and ea 
The ver we have an ex eel | litter. The turf sliced is next. burn d 
d wi or in then dug up by means of a — ; * E 
t of produce, cost what it p Mii we indeed | sen p ultur 8 is the stis of all the arts, being | keep to the surface the part most emichkel m » 
E of ter ritory the were different | essentially creative, and a fine proof, moreover, ‘of t the | table mou d. If the land has previousl k 
he idleness of the grazier * bed supersede the | proverb which is so full of meaning to Eng ish ears ood plan to ba: 
indus of the tiller but i eters position, with <a nhs there isa will there is a way.” One of the tabl e land : dis ed. Where iron 
a id SAt must ever be ti tant “ ur t 
rincipl to make our land 
Bot incip e 5 Ae ae Fro he less |tricts by means of ym and canals. By the latter— auti ad pcs as labour is chea 
productiveness of the centre rows of the triple ones the most important of the two—not only are means sons; and the soil moreover is turned ove 
from the deter rating fe ts of this row upon x of transport for manure and the produce of ihe soil to | mospheric influences. The spr ing following a fine 
eng ones, both in racting the earth and air our markets mede but the means of irrigation of Potatoes with manure is pe bs After P. 
field of pasture, I pe if the 5 feet occupi ith for the e cattle are 3 om im they put in either Rye or Oat 
by the three rows and the intervals were divided | ca — manure, aa ids e manure ci Rye they Spurry wit 
ual e ee rows, making the rows fact, gives in a Ime the history of the sprint] pro- Alter Oats they sow autumn Rye, with manure 
equi-distant, that is 20 inches apart, a higher rate gress of many districts of the Camp Since the regular rotation here ceases ; and exhaustive ied 
of produce would be obtained, and I submit this sug- — QC of the canal — des 1 in| Rye are taken, interrupted sometimes with crops of 
gestion to “I. A. C.” in its being as accessible to | one ye alone—that of Arendonck—2000 hec-| Potatoes or Colza. The plan adopted dn — more ine 
horse-labour as the intervals of the triple rows, and tares ught into cultivation, sixteen farms telligent of the cultivators is as f Lj 
3 superior in fallow; single rows may not only be aie whic h dr several hundreds of cattle. Furze or Broom is young they turn it weh the wi it 
LY ree between, but every interval between The establishment of canals and of roads i in improving old it is cut, down for litter, &e. The lan 
di w uld be so worked, and the rows would be the condition of Lii ae has increased the value of 60 or 70 centimótres, The fist 
moulded « on both 1 sides ; whereas in the moulding up i of the land more than 25 per cent. They have al p wit v manure, or Potatoes with 
y 12 1 I t Afte — hye. hey sow Oats’ with Clover 
345 ` A R ae one time of little value, the Fir trees are now sent and manure ; — in the Mery they sow Rye, but 
outer TOWS, e them all very tho together. If t always wit rst crop they 
20 ine f pole s for Hops. It is int Pete to trace the Spurry with a a little artificial ` 1 they make a 
y be increased, I am Ogos without loss to gradus B panitert in the value of the land : a farm which | pasture of this at the proper stage of its growth, ‘me 
24 "uei. J. M. G., Gra in 1826 sold for 6530 francs, in 1850 brought which they Mf urn it in and follow with R 
Pasture  Land.—In in nef Gardeners’ Chronicle 14,500; a farm which in 1816 was let for 1088 cot manured. iu 
had in 1854 increased to 2000, and now! lets a t 3500. In forming permanent pastures, 1 — di 17 i 
Tracts which before 1830 1 ht th described, it — 
fake of d ty acres of poor pastu re, 1755 1 sses are | hectare are now valued at to 250 francs. Wherever | tice to it first with Oats dE 
e and cattle eat them readily, the turf feels hard | manure can be obtain — phe the chief means of Clover. This is pastured for 98 or ihr 8 
the foot, and has evidently some years ago been obtaining it is by canal—there you see improved — been up, aidi sown with Oa ats manured, and a 
heavily dressed with lime. Although the quality was | #gticultur f seeds. 
very good the quantity of Gras prm in the year was „The t tract of Tarii known riei the name of "The following are a few of the rotations in use for 
very small; it was thick, but took a long ^ to o spring, re nos 3 the works of MM. Joignezus. 
was always short; no mole heaps were to be found | an mbo 
in it. e. Beis anxious to 1 this Wald, which js | © — of K (he hie province, It is bounded 157 — oito with manure; 2d, Rye and Car- 
of which i is ü a strong = Hollan din the north, by the Dyle and the Demeer | — 3 me e 3d, Os ts a Clover— 
clay, but dry, I hav ied anured portions of it in the south, by scant an id Rape li in the west, and ured; 4th, Clov ; tb, Rye o ; 6th, Tur 
with farm-yard inde, which e 5 by the canal of Bois le. due à Maestricht in the nip ‘after the Rye, o er Spurt 
the growth for a few years; but it om sctumed to its east. It presents an almost unbroken fiat, save he following is the rotation followed tha ii 
former state, and having seen an acco octor's | Where interrupted by the mounds of sand to which | of Jinthodt who have sandy soils to cultivate:— 
.prepared bone manure No. 1, defermilied to try 10 we have above alluded. e Lie is small for the Ist — Potato or Buckwheat; 2d, T d reas 
ewt. of it upon an acre of this field. I measured extent of land; in 1 nearly as many 2 , Oats spring Barley with h Clover 5th, Clover 
an acre of the field and applied 10 ewt. of hectares of desi wl as inhabitants 200000 QR e. 
Proctor's bone manure this spring; and already | of the form es du trav eller Y is needless here to say t that this is a - 
you 8 N an article on meadow land which i induces me | 
ave 
it this | Wo ay o 
acre; herbage is a much brighter colour make the excursion to the Canine ees cA by 
than on the remainder the field, and the cows | Way of Brussels and Antwerp line as far as tation | with’ Clover “ah, Clover; 5th, Rye. 
this acre quite bare they touched the of Con tich; taking thence the railway to abeh or 
igo 22 i ing pes For days the cows never y WHO "hare 
grazed off this n after they had grazed it pee hal, and take the diligence to Gheel, the centre | Thus 
uite * — E. i repeatedly return to it even now. of the Campine. m Gheel on the one side he may | bya Desa gc although Wires puces 
t this manure will benefit the extend his travels to Lumhout and Arendonck, and on | ; 2d, winter Cereal; 3d, orl Sal 
Jand for T or pag te ads q^ it will, it isa very valuable the other to Guth and Hasselt. From the latter place | other greet — v requires weeding and 
manure for pasture land, and I shall certainly get | he has direct railway communication to Brussels. While Pr spring Cereal, with artificial Grass; sth, 
more of it next autumn. I Dunn it mirst be te | veiled ctn. the route here indicated, or even a less ex- | Cereal, other than € of the — year. to 
hate of lime which has so much benefite i my tended one, as from Brussels to Lumhout and Vache, | It may in readers to gi beleben g. 
d, and I am consequently trying ° 10 cwt. of a s. |" 1 isily in one e day, the traveller will | novel mode of b idis g the stere “ands of the m. 
pha asture, to see if it will act ve ample opportunit pine into cultivation introduced by M. Van der Beke- 
as beneficially as Proctor’s prepared bone, and I will let ! Past; ndeck. . . 
know th pU at a future ime. I have some | fertile riches. ‘We propose now very briet. to — by the |n f the province of Antwerp to examine 
of a wit, NT. e a called in Wales. short | at some of the fea tures of the mode of cultivation by this sy: tem, which has attracted so much 
meadows, 
p : win, 1 
rr 
“ Eie te o sow on them can ith such a title, Van der Beke 1 th necessity 0 
about 10 Ibs. of Timothy Grass to the acre. 1 did so, — almost pure — 15 is N all the sands | the land to be — dpo as much as possible the 
but not one of a oed QR i rapa Worst, and most difficult to subdue. A mixture of | humus inert, formed by the detritus of the healthy 
TE Saal -€— improvement oe ee it is called in | plant — — it. — ape this the plants 
D. S., Sw the cu zy tfi is hard and resists equally the themselves oved o e being orya 
: $ Sania 4 p 22 and the iie This iron pan has to be broken avoid a too deep. cutting of a r4 "The plants wel to 
oreign 8 S Ng: ats s usually be 
April.— He who clothes a soil creat : y means of thè spade, soil thus compost or to litter the cattle * | 
“country.” To appreciate the full hese of this ibm whi A bring i exposed to (o thee akmospherio ‘be | land into fields, and then again i t 
saying, one has miles verse—as we have € this | condition AI. ing it into a eg aun y good | planches— open drains being made by t de 
week—the wild tract of Belgi s the | thi c e the oxide of iron is not in — between the stetches to allow of the free Passer ia 
Campine. You feel while crossing ts dreary — ums itr of soil soil carries v very well crops of d »Á m the steading 
if you were moving along the wild tracts of the barren with ; usually the s. Large tracts of peat or turf are — then brought and over the Un 
it rises n light re is sand erywhere; sand so fine that | the land is puti in erede ae nen pee Vix ura TS of „ aly coverel with be 
nes k e of is ct sown th n 
—.— in masses by the winds of heaven. Sand . ue mes ae sand which are generally | earth which was taken from the drains between 
you, it stretches far away in tracts mourn- | the! N carat oer rising ground carry Fir D stetches. If the preliminary operations of M 
ly monotonous; or broken up with high mound es qu xg e as they fall form in process of vs &c., are gone through in thé autumn, the wa 
look Ñ 8 white and dazzling in the sunlight, | mixed soil carri id "The | co menced by sowing Rye in the man : 
look like -heaps of the winter's snow. It is im- soil, neither too Wr» =% dan o Tami, 4 ib sandy | if in in the spring by pem n eith d "T 
reine mess of ealtivation properly od i E . t in which | i Ms Clover. It is no king, and the secon only #0 8 
—or the apparent hopelessness of the task which t. inging a poor sandy d cultivation, if — i depth. of Rye eat 1 
u xili wi rte 5 is ed to be had, as fe ihe farm is far dis- Clover; after — e ordinary de rotation of the d 
vo rien wig com onder then that in the popular | Broom which 21 5 the only t thing ve e n be lo only dif ce being t that the Lo 
min word Cam npine pot but the > of a land The leaves which y to any soil, however poor. | the soil is ually » 
fall fi ; grad Li gare a 
das here rom gutem consolidate the} When d T. id i of the $ 
ec ‘of gU p 
meagre Furze—a land devoted cattle. The plant is and th 
— and more philosophi T hig eee seni 3 rd year, and the land is tropped with Buck | oe the field i ins sch h'a manner t er one of E | 
to show that there is a future. pre tes. An this even nits iage «di i foritiok an r The manure end is - eure subsoil of th = em de 
future | fi d regular crop cropping ins as 4 eld under o; 3 is carr) 
ied hp tho history e. Po forage plants come to hand, l, enabling cattle to be kept | squares of turf so that — —— bet 
per round many of the towns e villages of the x — | the work of dere len e progresses —— u 3 TL cipal oh 
gly A Raus amaz- ing is 
— with the fields of waving corn; and eve à d 1 which you could kick u — € soil brou; ae * witn the old su perfici 
in the wildest distri ue 8 the eye rests with leas asure ^ | í M i Ey d wit ko, Jon fad a-soil formed. rota The e. ste o € Imit mo at vith = 
E oases, spots where some determined, patient, = In bringing ‘heathy land —.— these 
into eulti 
cultivator has settled down, and by dint of | operation is to pare off the turf, where thus i» uf ae d 8 —— recently a 
