4 
| SEE = — n: 
k I have manure makers | that chemical chan absorption of — — tho Jor o s in them. All they require is to have 
I — of . I need scat prepare the 8 It is we ‘al known that deco ara | — e — and — ager arci 
P$ “require in the manufacture of superphosphate), | disin iion of any object is the result to or n" n them. — means are the 
and others, 9 have contained no 3 o under conditions that will ad inl. ofi ite ra mineral and — constitui that they 
f bat traces, and fe — rey to tioii. XM * A pure! form found in supply to plate made soluble. They a are naturally dnd 
E or super- 2 subsoils” is but little y consider ed, too porous—and air is * freely through them 
phosphate o stained at different t times. fom some e of diae by ex e to free air a MT "fal ll of rain an to dryness, 
t m ; r thr when brought up is deranged by the a f sun, fore, the less they are ex ee to free air by 
H — e from very large quantities of "his wind, and rains, and frosts and thaws, but the chemical as the better. A = cession of green crops is the 
f article roduced in it is little more han would take | on method — ese soils can be economically 
; arsenic ; "d Riva contained f faint traces. In order to bonaceous su TASS, followed by white Turnips, or 
— the correctness of t negative results I pre- 
place i in the still, or 
calle 
T5 > oe 
t 
1, 
d ;" or winter 
which small 3 of the 
P 7H to the materials employed i in the — 
to —.— oxygen, when yeu Seria or it, E the t * f th 
I may whi va; e on its fertile, and nce — largely of what is meant by 
ures was the test known as * Marsh’s,” but should | re-exposition to fr d e t utumn cultivation. 
— ed to employ oilit tests 500 the results e ‘strength of ‘these views, I make a point o When I, or one else, shall be able to hire a 
obtained by this one been positive, or seemed to require | breakin my exhausted land once, in pref cultivator from near by, one and all of the io adeant 
farther evidence. I sho ald a lso have examined a larger e onth's labour on half ot " -— attempted to t forth above may be practi 
btained ving remander untouched till after Wheat more bee i and efficiently, with more telling 
is ing, T do not mind seeing ed iis T4 | end at a less direct cost. W. G. 
By using the solution of arsenic above noticed, strong | green in October, from the corn a 
react arseni — tained from quantities | what annual w may grow, know that — ET: 
pe smaller than jd; of a grain, and this in — vegetable substances were turned in are de- 18 NOT LIVE STOCK A NECESSARY EVIL? 
the p V of nli e E so that any and — the. — with. organic acids, | 1 when you say in rum — ng 
tat» might Bed raised from the reped occurrence of — rf oxygen vr a a in the spring to article. — August 1 There is however neral 
or retard know that the germinating ar nd living gabi 1 4 
rating additional 
the elimination ‘of arsenic by this test might — over- 
come. 
But in order still further to be > secu à this 
plants a are cling carbon and elabora 
volum of o y 
mpo 
8 
the winte 
This dapat will act z a — way, and 
+ 
and minut — es tested in the same manner in 
. 
dE. if there be much | sh elled co n, to the roots le ft 
i of PER and 
n. 1 1 
There are 
ren 
are exceptio to the 
was made at ianure wor n where pigments. occa- 
sonally containing arsenic are known to be used, but the | 
to be made 
as, for — where — or fields are, 
what is commonly called, sour. The 
are — the 
. 
was fur 
a quantitative de determination n, and vd have been. ex- | 
above person. 
ly minu ven supposing i 
heir mineral atoms or cr 
Eve 
« per Tent. (although 1 the copa experiments | 
liberated vem — which is all t M require "te 
that plants are m of takin 
in "le same ratio as they do phosphoric acid e matter | 
nly requires to be further inves oa tart 
we may . that the quantity of arsenic 
be present in a Turnip crop is by no means formidable. 
ng an acre of land to yield 20 tons fad Swedes, 
wl 3 bid has 8 ate, containing 38 per 
cent. of qum Bes (yd cent. of à arsenious 
roots wo ould contain 
“arsenious acid | 
arsenic 
or —— — —.— conditioned — 
produeing car bon- co m —— crops. 
land is very foul, ton 
to be | 
— this — at the presen 
be said on m int. 
— eavy land autumn cultivation is — 
t be grown her 
about halt a gr 
than .00006 per cent. Alfred ‘Sibson, Royal PE 
tural College, Cirencester. 
as p 
s tage TOPS, — as Rape, Mustard, 
white . dd * rages isd themin. By introducing 
xygen 
uten of deep ploughing at — 
once is objectionable, — as — is not expecte 
t time nothing futher il 
has often — the largest source 
2 even 
he ir food ? 
ter of profit on a 
ow my opinion as to em 
him that there 
y, he wou 
in 
proceeding. A — 
no profit, — on the co 
on the hased 
o way | E obtaining $ it 
stock, and 
ity of in 
Valuers — charge two-thirds of t the: ——— 
[me of hay, &c., to the incoming t who is to con- 
me it with stock, knowing full we oe a stock 
d will hardly pay him that amo 
vegetation it bee which disintegrates it,| Mr. John C. Morton in his able orn i * — 358 vol . 
Ma. were e 8 our Supplies of Animal Food,” says at page 3 
| ON CUL food for as 10 i called Society’s . 
. By aut that c which | of a field is cn reer re e e 
must precede restoration to has deprived of" ha - p — 
this ch: it transformation, pulverisation, €A— now exists in — subsoil and which 
ion, or *mellowing"— is more efficien ` displaced decayed vegetation, 
i in the ents of September and Oci that mostly exists there in the form of humus, 
at any other time of soil is | giving to this staple qn darker colour eA which it is 
better tille this practice, many —.—. of time are distinguished. IM was l its last denm 
gained. If soils bi being broken in the autumn can 1 position, it was of the same 8 even 
— ey order by | Christmas they we would | to the top. Living brii made the staples or janima wi 
] b tid. ^ one ed Ib-soi are so two reasons; 
t more largely produeing crop, as Mangel, | the * is, they of an earth that has a 
l een whe this method is impracticable. | smal 1 peepee of. — or —— us matters 
l tice tivation because I have|in them; the second is, they ha kn no — 
ng t no of harrowing, rolling, scarifying, — aegre cm — ick the 
| loughing in the i compensate for | or of a deeper — e. Autumn cu tivation, th t 
vegl : — ie lan abs Bac to harvesting. | growth ar 2 vierge them in t requires no conjuror to prove that we cannot grow 
M governing rule is, when fields have been sub-| tutes a method pum soil or dt Mafie « — teh rots at 35. Ad. nbi is a nearer 
peus urse of ing, them up at once; d darker, an — more corn-productive | es e, Mr. Morton roves indu- 
| August if I can ; but if the season and napi han they now pcssess. When it will be bitably d "e Te ae nd evils ils profitable only by 
machinery of a allow — advantage, I more profitable to feed sum ps on the soil witl f of 
make the best of September. I soils too | sheep, than to plo - ‘in, must depend on the depend u 2 and as an average 
u deeply as it is EN to plongh them dnring tl they are forced and t they will grow. derive a rele on their TA invested either in meat, 
B Tillage and green desi va, for I do not like to I have pressed the ane point, "because there is evi- butter, milk, or — Mr. paper 
the fresh vegetable substances contained in T ^ —— t misconception by n — as to show the of a mix bar dry. 1 — 
Toots of the last crop to the heat of the autumn | to the process whereby clay soils 
du and made as tough as whi but I turn du | latent —— developed; s no “scientific writer my book, page 2870 that no animals lose so little money 
a few inches down, when they remain moist and quickly | that I am aware of has done full justice to this part of as pigs. 
Rercise w. ganic qualities of a fermentative | our subject. Turn again to Mr. Lawes’ “ Experiments ME mes 
kind ma ost cases I h ectly| If autumn cultivation be practised on mixed soils, or Sheep,” Society's vies hy xii., page 440. 
after the plough, and if the soil be light and the season | lands end 5 end for Y eim: Swedes, les it appears that the prices: 
dry, I foll with a middle sized UM d that | much of the use for ent failures of v valuable | of the fat sheep and d wool covered within a 
ths plan that of crop may be 8 Bub en bn than n shillings their eost and that of their pure 
de last crop is sary to id and autumn cultivation is now required for this end. As|In cases we have ther t 
te e It is not “rest” that restores | e wn after food and of the Turnips consum 
 ellity, or to a condition that will produce restorative | Rye—tha lection of fe Turnips and for attendance on the m 
1 it is a change or ion of what matter aas 1 recently Sem mast ern, has been 7 itock 
" — — né and their | made clear that this system must be extended. mn | bred, consider its u 
— ce vi they De eiiam when agai: wat st pplyir res | costly and worth taking every care = 
brought up and to free air. Ta iece of land | in the winter, or in sowing | growing corn and crops for market, 
be sown with end * these be fed of m a erop of Rape and M for pong no ein | ee — hak ee 
April, and the ne feeding, then | off young, is the next part, for the reasons same price for the they ec or 
harrowed and roll iigh y m sot Het ws so for a fortnight | given fold the land over while feeding sheep sold it to go off the tarm. Having 3 for 
orthree weeks, that land ‘will become — ode with Mangel, will supply that organic acid to the soil| hope there will be 1 
alter another loughing oe two with which will idel e deny Stubble | the fature. J. J. Sept. g cattle B 
then a neighbouring D would be by the end Turnipe, too, sown in the autum the lend is| PH. TR od Ded by Ms. Hors viz, by a large 
May or beginning of of "Tune, after a Tu Hue clean, is good practice, and the Mod Al b. be more deve- heuer Pp erem erc with a moderate propor- 
— effi rcs rt Mud 5 eii cttm etc — ag * d E M 2 and malt-combs. We 0:1 
verising ciency Hiren presi 1 
the last corn m when Soca and the — — power] With light — or o soils the m iae neces- mere a can 6 : 
"rings about a state of perfect tillage T.. 1 "Rods FRE asini i d nod tes leonsider pigs the lenst profitable of their stock when 
