Ocronen 29, 1859.]— THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE AND EA: — 875 
maintained om 300 acr natural pasture wader the) If these statements are all correct the d be divided into lar e farms, 
dairy farm management in Y Vale of G loucester the farmer by this outlay of capital in co verting | of — 400 to — acres 2 — mp It is 
This question may be is evident, but thi nded 1 that the farmer who would take less could 
ciple of ge Tn. at the quantity of food c each of | profit will not be returned until the v wh le of the land f of t — antages of agricul- 
the severa! kinds of — consumed, Iti und tural improvements, aud could not invest sufficient 
the are — of 300 this will take at least two if not — our years before thi is land, 
As we — * ided pw acres of pastur has been effected; but after tbis has been done the , There is undoubtedly a semblance of truth in this 
into six arms, 2 mu — * divide the — | landlord may then have a right to claim an additional i and a peculiar combination of ci ces in 
which they — nt as ascertain the | rent, my from 8s. to 12s. . per acre, equal to 120“. or 2 tends to make it seem more true. But as a 
— and kind of stock. hich e each of the six arable | 1807. a rear genera 1 th I cannot see "that it has any foundation 
required to main It not only of greater capital, but | whatev x we have adopted d t of 50, 100, and 
Stock e Stock which 300 acres of of different — and of a greater capacity „ we have ado rilling, reaping, mowing, 
2 A — rt the Arable land is required to nage an arable than — Y dairy fi farm. hayraking, and reshing — 2 an — vem. d 
run 2 milking s nd foddering seem to be the only —— — | generally (e ey: — v adopted anywhere in England, 
14} labour which — dairy — bas to rform in con- English authors | er to the miserable system of 
roduce ket- | agriculture in — 
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14i able article, € — there is an idle space | of p perty which But the poverty 
" between each of these imperious duties, and it is quite | of French agricultare may be traced to other causes. 
i i pernicious system of centralisation which charac- 
122 t rious, ca ie poliey of 
acres of arable land must maintain throughout the year, anxious habits of the pro rofitable arable farmer whose — has exhausted the rural districts. The capital 
The prineiple adopted in obtaining the gtd basin — the best means means of raising the largest which should exist in the land has been drawn to 
food required for the maintenance of each of the k crops, r eae Paris, 2 expensive and fino 
of stock of different ages on the arable farm is from the | of conv. profi * spacious qua gr boulevards, not 
nowledze of the h the sheer bl — article. count the millions that have been e ded for 
sames, and the number of s sheep keep it requires to Let — y the system to the Vale of — — purposes. Besides, Montesquieu told a great 
maintain beasts of every age; thus we find the food | whi di o obe m from Bristol to t oy in We ore oeste tra th which we must not lose sight of when comparing 
requir ed by a cow is equal to that required by sevensheep, shíre, rr at least 300,000 acres of pas ture of Er ngland and France: — “ Les pays ne 
s elf f requires the food of twos sheep, : a year- -old the food as dairy far t pas cultivés en raison de leur fertilité, mais en 
this pasture was converted in arable land under . de — liberté,"* 
E: Jo mu culrivation -— beat ge men md p It is not intended to go into this question here, but 
f it tin — and 3 22 d 75 120,000 | merely in passing to w ress dissent from a commonly 
produei tsand Clover; bn — notion upon the subject in England. The 
Giy b dii dba Gm iid UU] work of uniting the — lots in in Saxony proceeds but 
7 =< ‘Shoop. ETTET A fort he same — dnd kind slowly, and while government is matory. | 
i , equal t farms in the district ; and they would them ther, it has not power to prevent the peasant 
» Wier yy ” 28 prodao » the same unt y of cheese, butter, | from ing new purchases of isolated small lots. 
eto Me. o bs BE do, and be of the same money value as A three hours’ ride at the deliberate a German 
at sir time. * - 
120 36 | And in ‘addition to this there would bo. . 120,000 railroad brought me to “reo mame Since 1850 there 
2 A mi g Wheat, Barley, and Oats. —— has been an agricultural department in conn 
716 800,000 the sch school CIE T here. Tés e of instruc- 
at Tharand, an "xpo 
my c ġe a horse requires as much us six sheep 
besides the corn he gets, * e reckon the sheep to consume 
20 Ibe. of Swedes d aily. Ado ppting 
, we shall have 
H 
H 
* Hi 
e x9 as 
3 
e 
X The return from the grain eror all estimate as before, tion i is sim 
Ae tae e by 719 — "s the food rmh pour 2 There would bem . esr Fi. hough tm in 
the arable farm from the 180 acres of roots, — — ection with it is a yr 1 under e 
M is equal to the maintainance of 726 sheep in a 20000 or Danat? * "P. igo 000, on AEN management of my friend and old university associate, 
i — d » 200, 
ing condition, which is equal to the food of 30,000 of Oats, at 72 > = 3,160,000, at 3. 324/000 | Dr. der, ting a series of 
agri 
10 sheep more than the red — natural “ - tural exper iments on a portion af land noar the institu 
maintained, and therefore the sa mber of cows, 190/000 590,000 £1,272,000 | tion specially adapted to that purpose. A 200 
calves, year-olds, two-year-olds, indi —.— may be kept But to do this there would Medicis an ù additional | students attend the institution, t d a little ‘more than 
upon the oe of the arable farm of 300 300 acres, and + —— 3 our th o Aes atus agen 
course the same quantity of cheese, butter, bacon, | , Which is 400,000) Leaving Chemnitz b 
calves, and old e cows may — e , viz., one-sixth of Ad “sara is tn ie uus | through a fin dens ural district i ra which ‘the caves 
71391. 16s. Od., or 11897. 19s. 4d., as was the ret urn of sa * 1500,00 and green e d flour * ng, after a four hours* 
from t! —— of 300 m of natural pasture under ride l ires of Leipsic. Ju 
£3,900,000 | before we get to 2 the and ges ears to be divided 
into large plots, yet these do correspond to an im- 
provement. farm i 
But of ter 300 acres of the arable farm there are only | £ The landlord to have 6 per cent, on his 
> 240 under the plough, and as 120 acres produce roots | 2,400,000 MAS A 
and — there are 120 acres yearly producing grain ; 1,500,000 will be a E i — — Per cant. on his 
. one-halfis in Wha one-fourth in Barley, and t other | 220,00 Pines Maes 
| fourth in 3,900,000 And an additional 355, per aere for labour 
Deel pr ae Quan.—price A amounts to 
prede at 6s. per bushel... i pc in all 
Osts .. Siege ae 2 his za would US PME 
LT i 2100 2. Mb Bu this sum mod boz de Uc p 
sim price amounts to 1,272,0001., and leaves a profit of 453,000 
Thus. tlie return from t in produced o 
120 acres is more than the rete from the 300 ive vt And if this system were generally . in the | culti 
pasture under the system, so that the conversion of pasture land into arable, we should soon 
—— from land under arable cultivation is more be independent of foreign grain without decreasing in | Plough does 
es 
mar e pork, | e 
: A o ou! ~ momen 
to such a system of arable cultivation nable us to produce a much greater am of fat beef Cousins, and oth of Leipsic, who place within 
the fodder on half of the land will ud mutton by the consum: 8 of theC ue and Barley, | reach of of the agriculturist the improved implements, Ko., 
maintain all the stock which the whole of the land or of Beans and Peas which m y become part of the of English —— and encouraging agricultural 
i and the stock may grain crop. Gloucestershire B. Juni Sept. 30. nnm en — agricultural — — 
Produce the sa tity of eh 7 n, &e. endeavou m waken intelligence 
2 other — will produce as great a ue | TERT or AGRICULTURE. peasant population. that s will enable them to see — 
ouble the money value may be pro- Puan, g 
ppt arable land, CNN, Air 810 of modern agrieul S 
uired to cultivate arable land is No. VIII. A MEME EDUCATION OX THE pmi The stranger on — Leipsic just now will be 
ET — — eimi CONTINENTAL EXCURSIO: surprised to see the improvements that are going on 
eui of the 15 y 5L| Lew V Teu l late in ie iion of the|in an old town that one might have thought would 
— the farmer will require dou hen pid bore | 16th of A jd it was quite dark before ‘the = have rested mà — with its old houses — 
^ undertakes to become an arable farmer. rea eached Dresden, and at an an ini the —- rn- antiquated str 4 — * repaired the 
— — also require more buildings on the arable ing I left that town for Leipsie intendin g Nap c" of it in 1813, oe the 
; t 
also 
he stock in boxes, stalls, or courts r Rol e, n 
s of the land will Hire to be drained, | school here, and by this route a better view of the Germans But, except Paris, there is scarcely a town 
that the landlord will cm — lay out his capital in e ulture of Saxony is obtained than on the direct in Europe that manifests such an enterprising spirit of 
hat M ute between the two cities. German agriculture | improvement as has Leipsie during the last v years. 
/ 8 57 the permanent Hou to better advantage as seen upon this ronte have extending new 
improvement —— 8 y than almost anywhere else in Northern iiy. The | and — its old. rn the rth. si of bi ig os 
of ty, — 
2 
Which Government requires in lending moncy to lay well for cultivation. The land is very much with an ener hich 
i ix the drainage of land, viz. 6 per divided up into small farms, or garden patches, 
rper nich 3 will M A of which do not exceed an acre, yet it exhibits a degree cf 
PRADA dro and often not 5 
labonr required mer cost u. 
ame additional yearly expense will ESO 9 5 
3 uad fom the Wind f Recently the government has taken 
6 
15002. at 10 cent. 1 : : P . ó 
at Tbe. parade wT 1300L ab 10 per cont, 225 9. 0| England, that E — pepee with good — — 
under the dairy system agriculture, is not unusual in its application. laborious, and 
: ia oe Tt is an assumption which i hardly ever questioned | “ Countries are not cultivated in consequence of their fer- 
. oy rr c e e AXE To alin Magli tli fn order to develope a high degree of tility, but in consequence of their liberty. 
