Te 
DECEMBER 17, 1859. THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL et 1023 
axle of the driving-wheel ; a, dee end of this pen | the angle of elevation of the platform, the horse would scp t appeals to our breeches —— as well as 
og a slight iriclination, and, | have himself to the height of 33.66 feet in one ur brains and our hearts, Ours system of farming 
3 i soon as the wheel is set at Ther, the weight of the minute—that is, had the platform been stationary and | has 3 complete revolution within e, 
animal moves the floor backw; with an accelerating prolonged indefinitely. The orse with his id 10 or 15 years, bat our quide of hi red labour rem 
on, which is poset ,only by the resistance of | wi | the cighing 1084.5 Ibs., wd this 1 by 33.66 fee 
height the horse would have raised himself — fidence on both sides; at one season the mployer um 
u^ —— we “compare this application of power ace lbs., lifted one foot E per minute. In the|advantage of the labourer, and — another — — 
— tha to ld fi l lever mill: : in econd Tow the hors Ma i" 7 — Lap hour, retaliates severely on employ The last two or 
that tl i ,as shown mom 
directly cbr to ‘the “axle of the band wheel; in the — tö . 31,350 Ibs. — iw igh m. minu The sed and increasing scarcity 
— 
g 
Os 
old- fashioned mill, on the contrary, the horse "walks a = which time he would have climbed 28.21 feet Pao uri the vang, and the price it costs, 
circle e: Ia or 20 yards i in order to give one revo| olution Y Be is equivalent to the — 0 i 545 — eur of machi hinery in the field as well as de 
to p y h per minute. In this experiment the — far and Te cannot refrain from expressing a — 
a pomme dove of cog-wheels and g earing. | walked dw orked exceedingly steadily, and the work | st tl 
ides, a horse walking in a a pulls, not right he did at that € e (31,350 Ibs. lifted one foot per | o their interests in a pecuniary point of view, “to say 
angles to the pole (whieh forms the radius of the circle), | minute) fairly represented the work a horse can do by | rating of hi gher moti ives, to ende eavour at ones to 
but within the rig iem ve: which involves a — of this machine. To compare the above with a heir 
power in rch to his thus diminished distance | horse-works, the horse used in the last oF orae them for the new ro ^ad — 
the centre of — the lost power being yoked N elde di of similar power and m toa wil be expect Y orm. 
mischievously exerted in pressure on the centre, and | two- hors e po er works, made by Mr. John Barker, of| Why, in the face of the mighty progress of the last 
consequent increase of friction. —— ningto The e power was applied to the same mill few years, should the —— n sti — — - 
The well-known economy of these “railway horse- | a d dynamometer r, and as n done by each horse bottom of the social scale? I believe he es a 
powers ? has caused them qnite to su e the o "i; equivalent — 26,500 3 v ies M high per better position. I believe that the farm t afford to 
lever ones on the 200 or acre s of the Northern | minute, em n bout 16 ter than the duty | pay for skilled labour as well as the factory ; but unless 
States; but on the large plantations of the Southern, | done by Mr. Hartas's h e horses worked | We follow Mr. Mein's sound advice and advance his 
and the great Prairie estates of the Western districts, equally, and every care — circumstances — was | regular wages, make — hn more comfortable, and 
Gh ing lica. . C. E. Am st i 
na 
Pen poi by a m friendly ——— AB 
tural ties between hie —— — himself, we shall 
is stated E Sj e best and most 3 of 
of Whea y threshed and E FORCES USED IN ARRIONUIU RE. our young men will p^ us, and seek a better re- 
Siete, at a cost of less than hd. a ap ushel. I Ihave d ee paper read by Mr. 
dédubed the d ollars and cents to — — money the Fore sed in n Agriculture vi. I eve. “be studied Power machinery becomes each day more necessary 
t well-doing, —— to the welfare of the 
2 horses, at 25 p Muro SELLE a.C RAE landlords, ted or labourers. It mbraces so many community at large; — wish to ve the full 
eer at 38. — a. ub "ul Misa e points of detail and of bom wt that it was difficult | benefits it offers to us, "the i thing we ou ght to to do is 
|o ne be ea ls oma P UE e ^ : | to o offer any comments 4. — 2 tre time, and I now | to prepare the labourers by education, and by improv- 
3 l y than I was able ing their general social conditio M for the dier sene 
application. 
gem 
This is the price at which travelling . will — our . attent John Wilson, 5 — of Edinburgh, Dee. 12. 
contract | to thresh and w wg dn x — bog — has The opm of comparative cost = I as — ͤ — 
| own machine, the cost , less. It exerted by steam, by horse, y mai ever a LOIS WEEDON EXPERIENCE. 
bl tl doubtful — mdi is now "fairly a = I leary re reduced — [W "pere — i iae iA ois 9 uce 
| ing v with itinerant steam- ines in land. The eo — — ts money value, viz.—that w "A Wordio Deere que ions to his new Ed ^ 4 
rengi Eng t a ertain continuous force a 5 ae * 1 aon —— e price ow 5 puia 
per 
Doll. £. s, hou s the sume e if supplied by horses would cost 10d. ; But ‘ater all, is there anything new in the plan ? 
For a 2-horse power  ..  .. . 116 = 25 0 and if supplied by — labour, no less than 155. a | m ‘or 2 discovery, every pe drew — it is said, has 
sA bse pee Uo dz hour; while the two lat " successively through before it is 
» horse power with turesher her ia e than eight —— urs out f 24. This great differenc iia . the public. * In the rst period of its 
- | readily understood when we consider the —— of ‘he | existence it. is proved that the new thing is not true, or 
There are a Bat ts few farmers in the Northern States | machinery w we have to deal with. In the o e body of no value. After it has fortunately got 1 — 
that do not h goes one of these “ powers,” and use it — made of iron iod, it i thing 
for the vari ous purposes of sawing up wood, threshing | ° we have orga: — structures, sapported by Oats | that it has been lon own; 
and cleaning grain, grinding, crushing, root and chaff- md hay, and by beef and bread. In the latter dred S NEUEM were people enough Mak new it 
^ „ Ke. Th y^ i 
cutting, churnin ey are much used by the the cost of maintenance and of wear and tear are perfect] 
railway companies, and sometimes Jom in ferry boats Obviously far greater than the former, and the cost of | this plan o eat growing has arriv “The new 
| for turning the paddle wheel, and the general retention their results—foree— proportionably increased, In ing is not new." It is indeed — certain that 
ol them in a country other countries these deres do not bear the same Jethro Tull, the get and acknowledged originator of 
each other mal its leadin armed and wrote 
= Lare is not without significance. pete idi i, — — is grand sted, and fi 
concerns, as on fi arms which row their | Cheaper and steam power dearer than with us. In thi shout his ing à cry aud a half ag But it is 
j thousands of bushels ls of grain, at central railway however, it is quite clear that where power alone is | equally certain at, since -- 
whe eve required, neither horses nor man can compete with ing has nj 
daily, steam Mp the pni power that can | Steam. The man, however, as a source of power, does igs 
Pach — tie mighty but cumbrous EE defies the | not bear the same relation to the other two as they do | searching inqu 
of bone a musclé in all Where a à seen other; he is endowed with duplicate sources of 9 Weedon, an A nothing 1 more; if a 
pe wane th utine work has 1 E bi com- | E 4y force new is not new ; if not xi 
lished, E re certainly yield to the latter the ere exhibited in its stead, I shall be the fi to say, 
merit of readier adaptatio constantly varying and un dise would neutralise it drop it at once. Having, for my — — 
requirements. On small holdi ings these horse-powers —— the h ber, d th the = ine equally needing | very carefully gone fover Tull’s “Horsehoeing Hus- 
furnish, I firmly believe, the most economical mode of | the skilled labour o to direct th energies 2 a in Cobbett^s. edit ion, I give here the results of 
ing that force ma farm and 
hig an can be no econ ‘ag 
am VI 
I convin d the 
"ROC CTI 
and contract their 
The e competition , P therefore i is between the power of from which I quote. Confining myself to his West 
I find, first, g . 
d always | ever P that the only. urn 88 uired, amed, o 
to many an 
— ferner in in gu country ; j ind in masiy o vit I be a fri end: it relieves — — hardest and t! ar table food, id that ^w 
my in leaving unemployed. 
was org 
our E 
would onies, where steam is out of the gestion, they — f his duties, and raises — value of his | provi vided an abundant. supply of this food simply by 
ind pulv — 
e. Their ^ ene gd economy sg higher (m (mental) power—skilled | labour. The industri rial | e ert his clea rte — > will 
illus te his theory. ke a handi 
rt] 
2 
erect by steam machinery on e suppose i pure earth, pul a k out 
E for it, and few departme — of industry offer | all mewn can vaso - — — se and visi 
| e por falsity. for for, 
ata dista pa. shot 
in the M of tha farm to thresh an rug ing erop not less in increased — her in increased a grain of the shot. Look at it. Turn E round. And 
: e part tof t the 
| waggon ur e to the spot by the horses which, 7 ene te ent than in that | sphere 
arrived its dev 
— connected with the productive powers of the ei the Nandi “of an; or P oh es earth, the. — difference 
Report on Horse-power mer by PM If — are right in n of the | being that of form. So with a whole — Li Linn 
Lacta of “Wetton S we TE rth, Each individual grain bas its and to 
4 *zhibited at at the Meeting of the Yorkshire Agri- | are wrong in paying " — mr as wi g these surfaces, collectively, — ‘th 
great 
Society.—BA single horse-works, Isaac | directing — y f th d, Tull called them 
ering, s: ed a great deal ki atten * eds influ jenced, the internal — of the earth. This 
We for y ti th the e pasture — - roots of plants. It is 
in America. It consists of a moveable gen th echanical | not the — of food itself. El is "ini the feeding 
attached to an endless chain passing over forces the dn vement o vases dm ds applica- | ground. Where is the our It raordinary with 
each end; this endless platform is placed so - ae — verear let A and Warwick testify | what a nice T and accuracy is man 
a i upon which the horse |t Tens, hundreds of thousands are | of genius out his subtle th 
the platform recedes beneath the horse's eur; — in in ches pure i ‘ood for the plant, says he, is still there, 
platform has cogged “racks” attached to it attention is paid to the education of our haan power ong yo go oh done there, on the surface of those 
i 8 machin but independent of t ; 
we (x Tee — ben = 
small chaff-cutter attached to it. The whole| The machine, to be comp n ing | which, u or $ 
is very simple, As some discussion took | skill of the man; he is essentially one of its working | affixed to it.” 63. So close, indeed, does it adhere, that 
usual prod hen i — but fire, or the roots of plants, nided, 
nies 
is machine, some ments | strength of th is only y is the power y 
on the machine in question, and on a well- — is clear that the efficiency of the machi 63. Seen in a state of solution it was * — 
erially depends upon the rebar and “skill the clearest n water, noth’ all — 
way. he first experimen with which they are peer We — à it a ing in it.“ 63. And when insumed by the roots 
iehmond and Chandler’s Oat-crushers or folly to give the labourer a book p r than he Poo 
mills —— — horse-works, with a [taught to an — it, enti a we are| which the colours of es depend. — 1 
ter intervening the work done. surprised that he should look upon our labour-saving | pa — - food are so "hne — [Ir wes e . 
slking a y the rate of 2.04 miles per hour, | machines as his enemies, and either oppose — x roots e with the . ved 2 e grea 
uivalent the raising of 33,110 Ibs. one | duction or fail in rendering them as efficien e | bulk of it during — ady . — hroug : e rege 
— inute. acter this experiment, at the see them to be in the hands of competent ‘workman: — and been thence exhaled ’ into the a 
walked, and taking into consideration Surely this is a matter that calls for our serious consi 
