In addition, four mini- 

 drifting buoys were deployed in 

 HP's operations area as part of a 

 joint IIP-Naval Oceanographic 

 Research and Development 

 Activity evaluation. One AES 

 mini-drifting buoy was also 

 deployed by IIP together witti one 

 IIP standard-size drifting buoy. 

 These mini-drifting buoys are 

 smaller with a lower cost per unit 

 than the standard-size buoy. IIP is 

 evaluating these mini-drifters for 

 possible future operational use. 

 The results of this evaluation are 

 presented in Appendix B. 



Prior to the start of the 

 1988 IIP season, IIP evaluated an 

 Air-Deployed expendable 

 BathyThermograph (AXBT) 

 system. The AXBT measures 

 temperature with depth, and 

 transmits the data back to the 

 aircraft. Based on the results of 

 the evaluation, IIP put together an 

 AXBT system and operationally 

 deployed twelve AXBTs during the 

 1988 IIP season. The results of 

 the evaluation and operational use 

 of the AXBT system are presented 

 in Appendix D. 



The temperature data 

 from the AXBTs were sent to the 

 Canadian Meteorological and 

 Oceanographic Center (METOC) 

 in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, 

 the U.S. Naval Eastern Oceanog- 

 raphy Center (NEOC) in Norfolk, 

 Virginia, and FNOC. They use the 

 AXBT data as inputs to their 

 ocean temperature models. IIP 

 directly benefits from its AXBT 

 deployments by having improved 

 ocean temperature data provided 



Table 2. Total Icebergs South of 48° N - The four periods shown are 

 pre-lnternational Ice Patrol (1900-12), ship reconnaissance (1913-45), 

 aircraft visual reconnaissance (1946-82), and SLAR reconnaissance 

 (1983-87). 



Total 

 1946-82 



2 



4 



11 



65 



273 



1172 



3131 



2993 



1865 



489 



100 



10 



10,115 



Total 

 1983-87 



3 

 11 



14 



13 



239 



442 



1636 



1242 



793 



567 



138 



41 



5,139 



1988 























8 



95 



33 



20 



19 



10 



2 



""""■'li37 



Table 3. Average Number of Icebergs South of 48= N - The four periods 

 shown are pre-lnternational Ice Patrol (1900-12), ship reconnaissance 

 (1913-45), aircraft visual reconnaissance (1946-82), and SLAR recon- 

 naissance (1983-87). 



Avg 

 1900-12 



Era 

 Average 



452 



Avg 

 1913-45 



2 

 3 



1 

 3 



IV- 



36 



166 



76 



23 



7 



6 



435 



