GATES—SUMMER Brrp LIFE IN ILLINOIS. 15 
no bird disdains to use. The typical hedge birds which are 
usually found in the hedges themselves are the mockingbird, 
brown thrasher, field sparrow, mourning dove, Carolina chick- 
adee, migrant shrike, cardinal and the black-billed cuckoo. 
Somewhat secondary to these are the bluebird, robin, Balti- 
more oriole, northern flicker, red-headed woodpecker, and the 
blue jay. 
Hyprorytic THIcKet ASSOCIATION. 
In this vicinity virtually all the thickets of this plant associ- 
ation hav been drowned since the opening of the Chicago 
drainage canal. Several of the plants which formed these 
thicket associations are still present in this region, but they 
are so mixt with parts of the tree associations that they 
no longer form an element in the description of the region. 
Formerly the Salir-Cephalanthus (Willow-Buttonbush) as- 
sociation was quite extensivly distributed in this region, but 
at the present writing almost everywhere the willows grow, 
they form trees and the few button-bushes that remain are 
scragely shrubs among the willows, where they are slowly 
being killed. The region around the hed of Lake Matanzas 
is a partial exception to this statement, for there this associ- 
ation is normal in structur, altho limited in distribution. 
The birds that are usually characteristic of this association 
hav adapted themselves to the changed conditions. This does 
not seem difficult, for the preferences of the summer birds of 
this region do not seem to differentiate between bottomland 
thickets and bottomland woods. Investigation of the very lim- 
ited areas that approach the former conditions indicate that 
the birds that were most typical of this association were the 
song sparrow, indigo bunting, red-winged blackbird, tufted 
titmouse, Carolina wren, catbird, and the Northern 
yellow-throat. 
Tue BorroMLanp Woops. 
The bottomlands of this region are auite extensiv, con- 
sisting of the parts of the banks of streams and lakes, to- 
gether with the “towheads” and “‘willow-islands” separating 
