234 THe WiItson BULLETIN—NOs. 76-77. 
I will not insist too strenuously upon my identification of the 
hawks as Broad-wings, but I am substantially certain. The 
flocks were moving, in the main, from N. E. to S. W., but 
parts of some of the flocks turned off to the west. They 
were accompanied, or followed, occasionally, by Red-shoul- 
dered; once or twice, apparently, by Fish Hawks; twice by 
Marsh Hawks, and once by an Eagle. The flocks seen by 
me then, numbered as follows: Sept. 15, 30; Sept. 16, 15; 
Sept. 17, 11 and 30; Sept. 20, 35, 35, 50, 66, 10, 23, 50, 15, 
40; Sept. 21, 30.” He also publishes a letter from Kirk 
Monroe, who observed the same phenomenon at the Ice 
Caves of the -Shawangunk mountains, near Ellenville: 
“Sept. 18, the forerunners were a few stragglers that only 
caused comments by their undeviating and unhesitating 
southward flight. These leaders were, however, quickly 
followed by other birds in ever increasing numbers until the 
marvelous flight extended as far as the eye could reach to 
the eastward; and upward to a point when the great birds 
appeared no larger than sparrows. When the hawks first 
aroused curiosity by their numbers, one of my companions 
undertook to count them, but having counted 50 in less than 
one minute, he gave up the attempt, and was glad to have 
done when, at the end of an hour the incredible flight still 
continued without pause or diminution. I cannot venture 
even to guess how many hawks passed above us during 
that time; but know that they numbered well up among the 
thousands. I would add that three days after encountering 
this remarkable flight, I witnessed another of the same char- 
acter, only this time numbering but two or three hundred 
individuals, taking the same southerly direction over Sam’s 
Point, but a few miles from the caves visited on the previous 
occasion.” Sixty miles S. W. of Ellenville and Lake Min- 
newangunk, N. Y., in Sussex Co., N. J., von Lengerke has 
observed for a number of years the migration of thousands 
of hawks. He says: “On Sept. 22, ’07, the number ex- 
ceeded any ever observed before. I was on the top of a 
mountain near Stag Lake, about 1200 ft. above sea level. I 
