Burns—On BROAD-WINGED HAWK. 241 
timbered with beech and maple (Rathbun ms.). Four or five 
pairs are known to nest near Wiest Chester, Pa., year after 
year.. The nest is always in the deep woods, and as it is not 
built until the leaves appear, it is not so apt to be seen as the 
nests of the earlier hawks (Sharples ms.). In Pennsylvania 
it haunts the wild rocky wooded ravines above the small 
streams and close to small ponds and swamps. While it is not 
unknown to the large grove, it loves the continuous woods over 
which it can pass undisturbed and unseen from one feeding 
ground to another; shunning the cultivated area altogether or 
traversing it only to visit some nearby swamp or pond (Burns 
ms.). Near Washington, D. C., it departs from its usual 
habit, selecting rather open timber probably because heavy 
timber is scarce near the District (Riley). 
In Florida it was found in the center of 50 acres wood- 
land (Williams ms.). 
In Illinois and Missouri it prefers small woodland areas, 
or groves, of some few acres in extent (Smyth, Jr. ms.). 
Near Edmonton, Alberta, a nest was located in the dense 
woods, and was found by the bird calling when close at 
hand (Stansell ms.). 
In the vicinity of Minneapolis, Minn., there seem to be 
more Broad-wings nesting than any other place J know of. 
The country is wooded with hardwood, slightly rolling, with 
some high hills and considerable bodies of water. There are 
a good many marshes also, and low places, and in and 
around such places I always found it nesting invariably in 
thick woods of good-sized timber, near the edge, with a free 
sweep in one direction. Three or four nests were in tama- 
rack swamps where the water was a foot deep during nest- 
ing time. Every year I could count on finding the nest of 
each pair that I knew, usually within half a mile at the ut- 
most of last year’s nest. One nest which was within ten 
feet of a highway but in thick woods and invisible from the 
road in summer. was used three times with an interval of 
one year between each using. With rare exceptions I found 
only one pair nesting in each piece of timber and always 
