SCIENTIFIC RESULTS 



155 



{d) The seasonal cessation of tlie pi-e\ailin<r nortlnvesterly Avinds 

 and the consequent removal of this fiictional effect to build up a 

 slope current alon<r the North American coast to the northward of 

 the Grand Bank. 



The first advanced information on the impendin«j: failure in the 

 supply of ice conies from an increase in the number of bergs 

 which be<»;in to set down past St. Johns close in alono; the Newfound- 

 land coast. Iceberfrs also about this time collect in the <rreatest num- 

 bers on the northern slopes of the Grand Bank. The «iradual swing 

 in the axis of the berg stream from out near Flemish Cap in March 

 to in close to Caije Race in .June and ,July has been likened to the 

 sliding of grain to a bin. as the chute is slowly deflected the supply 



Characteristic Types of Circulation East Side of the Grand Bank 



Fi(;i;nK !)!t. — Tlio ice patiol (iyiiamic topographic iiiaiJs liavc disc'oscd two charac- 

 teristic forms of circulation which often prevail on the east side of the Grand 

 Bank. The one on the left shows how the (iulf Stream presses in toward the 

 eastern slope of the (irand Hank, blocking off the bergs, and guaranteeing the 

 safety of tile T'nited States-Europe lane routes. Thf map on Ihe right shows a 

 cyclonic depression in wliich bergs have often been i liseivrd. 



is likewise cut oif. The fact that few or no icebergs drift south- 

 ward past the Grand Bank and Newfoundland during the balance 

 of the year, August to December, seems in no way due to the lack 

 of icebergs in the north Avhere they are continually calving from the 

 ice cap and drifting out into Davis Strait and Baftin Bay. 



July witnesses a still further slackening in the number of bergs 

 south of Newfoundland: the normal number by months is: July. 25; 

 August, 18; September. S): October. 4: November. 3; and December, 2. 

 The bergs that do succeed in drifting past Newfoundland are found 

 hugging closely to the edge of the shelf and Avorking inshore to the 

 shallow waters, where the ice usually breaks up and disappears. 

 Bergs in the area south of Newfoundland during the summer dissi- 

 pate very ra]:)idly. due to the warmth of air and water. 



