SCIENTIFIC RESULTS 185 



In view of the fore^roinii-. it was considered desirable to investigate 

 (juantitatively the effects of the foUowino- variates. beginning with 

 those which appeared to bear the closest relationshij) to the nnmber 

 cf icebergs so far as available data might allow: 



(a) Represents the number of iceberg's south of Newfoundland 

 ( tlie forty-eighth parallel of latitude). 



We also have : 



(/>) Amount of pack ice off' Xewfoundland. February to ^lay. 



{€■) Atmospheric pressure differences (mb) Ivigtut minus Belle 

 Isle in November to April, preceding the iceberg season off' Xew- 

 foundland. 



(d) Atmospheric pressure diff'erence (mb) Stykkisholm minus 

 Bergen. August to Janiuirv. preceding the iceberg season off Xew- 

 foundland. 



(e) Cross gradient pressure Ivigtut uiinus Belle Isle, December 

 to March. 



(/) The jii'essure anomaly at Stykkisholm. December to March. 



((/) The monthly ])recipitation at Uperuivik. Greenland. 



(A) The temperature during June. July, and August at Uperuivik. 



The correlation coefficient between (a) and (h) was found to be 

 very high, +0.86, proving the correctness of the theory that pack ice 

 is a vital factor in the dispersal of icebergs to the North Atlantic.*" 



If the assumptions previously set forth, viz, that an abnormal 

 amount of northwesterly Avinds during the Avinter on the American 

 coast south of Baffin Land results in a heavy iceberg season past 

 Newfoundland, then we should expect to find good correlation co- 

 efficients between (o) and ic): actually they are as follows: 

 Between (a) and (e) — 



Nov. Dec. Jail. Feb. Mar. Apr. 



—0.12 —0.45 —0.26 —0.22 —0.31 —0.09 



Several other natural factors were tested in the hopes that coeffi- 

 cients found in the case (a) and (c) might be further raised, with the 

 result that a correlation of —0.49 existed between (a) and (/'). In 

 order to test this effect when divorced from the Ivigtut-Belle Isle 

 influence, partial correlations were calculated as follows: 



rac.f= —0.30 and raf.c= —0.11 

 and the regression equation for bergs on a scale 0-10 : 

 (^0 = 0-33 (V) - 0.05 (/)+ 4.8 



The foregoing equation indicates that the Ivigtut-Belle Isle gra- 

 dient has al)Out six times as strong an influence upon the southward 

 distriVmtion of icebergs as have atmospheric pressure conditions at 

 Stykkisholm. Both factors, however, are real and were employed 

 in the following ^proportions : 



6(e) + (/) 



un 



"A correlation between numbers of iceberg.s and sun spots gave negligible results. 



