It was further assumed that the difference in sea level between Bermuda 

 and Charleston, S. C, is related to the volume transport of the North 

 Atlantic eddy and consequently to the forces determining the position 

 of the periphery of the Atlantic Current in the Grand Banks sector. 

 While the difference in sea level between Bermuda and Charleston is 

 not directly measurable the fluctuations in the difference are available 

 from the fluctuations at each station. Since it was anticipated that a 

 weak North Atlantic eddy would result in a retreat of the cold wall and 

 therefore an increase in the adjusted area A the sea level variable used 

 was the sea level at Charleston minus the departure from average sea 

 level at Bermuda. A very good correlation existed between this variable 

 and the adjusted area A in the Grand Banks sector 133^ months later 

 as checked by 27 surveys made during the period 1934-41. 



With the resumption of oceanographic work in 1948 no agreement 

 could be found between the adjusted area A predicted from the tide-gage 

 readings at Bermuda and Charleston and the adjusted area A found 

 during surveys of the area. In 1952 it was realized that the time lag 

 no longer was the 13K months found during the prewar surveys but 

 about 113^2 months. Using this time lag for the postwar surveys a new 

 relationship was computed as 



A =6.97 (#-5.07)4-1.67 

 where A is the adjusted area in units of 10,000 sq. km and H is sea level 

 at Charleston minus the Bermuda departure from an average of 4.16 

 expressed in feet. This gave a poor correlation. For example, during 

 the first survey of 1957 the predicted adjusted area A was +0.55 whereas 

 that actually found was +4.12. The predicted adjusted area A for 

 the second survey was +5.22 as compared with an actual adjusted area 

 of +6.02. 



Changes have taken place in the sea level at Charleston and at Ber- 

 muda. The mean sea level at Charleston for the decade 1947-56 was 

 5.32 ft. instead of the 5.07 prewar mean. Mean sea level at Bermuda 

 for this postwar decade was 4.33 ft. instead of the 4.16 which had been 

 used in the past. The mean annual variation curve of sea level at 

 Charleston minus the departure of sea level from the mean of 4.33 at 

 Bermuda for this decade shows three maxima and three minima. From 

 1948 to 1957 there were 20 surveys made which included the position 

 of the cold wall, seven during the month from mid-March to mid-April, 

 six during the month from mid-April to mid-May, six during the month 

 from mid-May to mid-June and one in the second half of June. The 

 mean dates show a maximum near the April-May group. As this 

 maximum could be related to any of the three maxima or any of the 

 three minima in the sea level curve, each of the years during which more 

 than one survey was made was examined as to consistency of sign of the 

 change in adjusted area with the different time lags representing cor- 

 relations with the different maxima and minima of the sea level curve. 

 In none of the time lags was the sign consistent, the best being a time 



94 



