arises in this part of the section where the motionless surface is 

 probably inclined. With 1,000 decibars as the reference surface 

 F was 3.3, but with reference to the 2,000-decibar surface F was 

 computed as 6.7. To conform to the rest of the section the latter 

 figure is used here. Just south of F the easterly band of current 

 was made up of the returning F plus E, whence by difference E 

 was 13.2, and the two contributions of Atlantic Current to the 

 eastward of the section were E (13.2) and C (33.2) for a total 

 of 46.4. 



For the occupations of 1938 and 1950 not all of the individual 

 components shown in figure 26 can be derived. For comparison, 

 however, the following recapitulation is given. 



1938 



1950 



1958 



A+F+E-D. 



A 



D 



E+F 



F 



E 



B 



(computed) 58 . 6 



(by plan i meter) . . 0.1 



(computed) 2.8 



(computed) 2i.7 



C 



G 



E+C... 

 C+B.... 

 E+C+B. 



(56.4) computed plus 59.9 



3 . 5 estimated) . 



(computed) 18.5 



(computed) 31 .4 



(computed) 2.0 



(by difference) 29 . 4 



(completely south of 



section). 



(by difference) . . . . 24 . 1 

 (by difference) . . . 45 . 8 



(by difference) 10 .9 



*55.0 



(by difference) 41 .4 



(by difference) 70.8 



(computed) 48 . 6 



(computed) 5.6 



(computed) 19.9 



(computed) 6.7 



(by difference) 13.2 



(7.6 computed plus 9.8 

 2.2 estimated). 



(by difference) 33 . 2 



(by difference) 7.6 



(by difference) 46.4 



(by difference) 43.0 



(by difference) 56 . 2 



• Applying mean B for 1938 and 1958 to E-fC+B for 1950. 



The foregoing shows considerable variation in volume transport 

 for the different years. A most significant value is that of E+C, 

 the combined contribution of the Atlantic Current to the eastward 

 of the Grand Banks. The figure of 55.0 for the 1950 occupation, 

 derived by difference using the mean of the value of B for 1938 

 and 1958 is highly questionable and is shown only to point out 

 what is also apparent from the other 1950 values, that the volume 

 transport in 1950 was exceptionally large. The tabulation also 

 seems to indicate that 1938 was a year in which the volume 

 transport to the eastward of the Grand Banks was small and the 

 return toward Bermuda was large. 3 



In 1958, the volume transport to the eastward was interme- 

 diate between the 1938 low and the 1950 high values. The heat 

 transport of component E was 159.4 million °m 3 /sec with a mean 

 temperature of 12.1° and the heat transport of component C was 

 447.0 with a mean temperature of 13.5°. The consequent com- 

 bined contribution to the eastward of the Grand Banks, then, 



3 As 1938 was the year in which Altair and Armauer Hansen conducted their intensive survey 

 work in the vicinity of the Azores and as these observations were heavily weighted by Sverdrup, 

 Johnson, and Fleming in their transport balance of the North Atlantic: (The Oceans, Prentice- 

 Hall, New York 1942, fig. 187 page 684) it seems that the transports shown in that figure for the 

 North Atlantic Current are somewhat too small. In the same figure the value of 6 million mS/sec 

 for the Labrador Current is too large to be representative, 4 being more nearly an average 

 value. 



50 



