1999 Sources of All Sightings 



of 5831 total 



Canadian 

 Government 



International 



Ice Patrol 



16% 



Ships 

 6% 



National Ice 



Center 



0% 



Figure 2. Total number of reports for 1999, 

 including ice. "no ice", and SST reports 



Nearly half of the Canadian 

 observations were BAPS transfers, which 

 means the target was originally detected 

 north of the demarcation between IIP and 

 CIS operations areas, 52"N latitude, and 

 then drifted southward with the Labrador 

 Current and entered HP's area of 

 responsibility. In 1999, this process was 

 automated, so no ice reports were 

 generated during the transfer process. 

 Thus, although the BAPS transfer category 

 accounted for 37% of merged targets in 

 1999, it did not represent any ice reports 

 submitted to IIP. 



(DFO) throughout the year, sometimes 

 covering areas with high iceberg 

 concentrations. PAL also conducts 



contract ice reconnaissance for CIS. 

 Finally, PAL conducts extensive ice 

 reconnaissance in support of the offshore 

 oil industry. 



IIP aerial patrols were responsible 

 for 15% of all reports and 16% of the 

 targets detected in 1999. IIP flew 29 

 sorties, detecting 671 targets that were 

 entered into the BAPS model. The 671 

 targets accounted for over 22% of the 

 targets entered into Ice Patrol's model. 

 MP's reconnaissance was conducted using 

 RADAR-equipped HC-130H aircraft based 



1999 Total Ice Reports 

 of 185 total 



National Ice 

 Center 



1% 



Canadian 

 Government 



18% 



Internationa 

 Ice Patrol 



15% 

 Figure 3. Reporting sources for 1999 ice reports. 



Canadian government and industry 

 aerial reconnaissance accounted for the 

 remainder of the Canadian observations. 

 CIS conducts its own ice reconnaissance 

 using a SLAR-equipped Dash-7 airplane, 

 which focuses its attention on sea ice and 

 icebergs in the Canadian economic zone. 

 PAL provides contract reconnaissance 

 services to the Canadian government and 

 the offshore oil industry. They monitor the 

 activities of fishing vessels for Canada's 

 Department of Fisheries and Oceans 



at Coast Guard Air Station Elizabeth City, 

 North Carolina and forward deployed to St. 

 John's, Newfoundland. Because IIP is 

 mandated to determine the limit of all 

 known ice (LAKI), their reconnaissance 

 flights are conducted far offshore in 

 international waters, typically in the vicinity 

 of the 1000 m bathymetric contour (Figure 

 1). These areas are populated with few 

 icebergs, but those icebergs form the LAKI. 

 Generally, IIP detects about 50% of the 

 limit-setting icebergs during an ice season. 



