1931 USCGC General Greene- 



1933 USCGC General Greenc. 



1934 USCGC General Greene. 



1935 USCGC General Greene. 



1936 USCGC General Greene- 



1938 USCGC General Greene. 



1939 USCGC General Greene. 



1940 USCGC Northland 



Southern Greenland 

 and Labrador 

 coast to Hudson 

 Strait. 



Southern Greenland 

 and Labrador 

 coast to Hudson 

 Strait. 



Southern Greenland 

 and Labrador 

 coast to 54N. 



Southern Greenland 

 and Labrador 

 coast to 54N. 



Southern Greenland 

 and Labrador 

 coast to 54N. 



North to Davis 

 Strait. 



Southern Greenland 

 and Labrador 

 coast to 54N. 



Baffin Bay. 



The cruise of the Northland in September of 

 1940 was the first attempt at a complete survey 

 of the icebergs in Baffin Bay. The results of the 

 iceberg surveys conducted by the Marion in 1928 

 and the Northland in 1940 are shown in figure 

 22. The cruises by these two ships were impor- 

 tant because they provided the first systematic 

 information about iceberg conditions in the Lab- 

 rador Sea and Baffin Bay. Although these two 

 eflForts at surveying were necessarily limited by 

 the speed and visibility from the ships, the results 

 established iceberg distribution patterns which 

 have been affirmed by later aerial surveys. 



The cruise of the Northland was the last use of 

 a ship for the purpose of trying to survey large 

 areas of Baffin Bay or the Labrador coast for 

 icebergs. The cruise of the Northland had actual- 

 ly been the first of a series of three annual sum- 

 mer cruises recommended in December 1939. The 

 Second World War resulted in the discontinua- 

 tion of the series. Following the war, in July 

 1948, a Coast Guard PBIG Flying Fortress pa- 

 trol aircraft made the first aerial iceberg survey 

 of Baffin Bay. The aircraft was equipped with 

 an aerial camera, and many of the glaciers and 

 fjords of western Greenland were photographed. 

 The following year, in August 1949, a second 

 survey was made, this time utilizing two PBlG 

 aircraft. Over 1800 aerial photogrpahs were taken 

 on the second survey and used in determining the 

 number of icebergs present along the west coast 



of Greenland. In accordance with the recommen- 

 dations of 1939 a third survey was planned to 

 complete the series in 1950. Unfortunately the 

 partial closing of one of the airfields from which 

 the surveys were conducted led to the abandon- 

 ment of the 1950 survey. Although interest re- 

 mained in the northern iceberg surveys, 14 years 

 were to pass before they recommenced. However 

 preseason iceberg reconnaissance flights to guard 

 against an unexpected intrusion of icebergs onto 

 the Grand Banks were routinely made as far 

 north as Belle Isle Strait during this period. 



In November 1961 and November 1962 the 

 Canadian Department of Transport collected 

 data on iceberg distribution in the course of sea 

 ice surveys in Baffin Bay. The data was provided 

 by the International Ice Patrol, and it was used 

 in analyzing iceberg conditions on the Grand 

 Banks in 1962 and 1963. The Coast Guard rec- 

 ommenced northern iceberg surveys in January 

 1963 when a SC-130 Hercules patrol aircraft sur- 

 veyed as far north as southern Baffin Island. 

 Since then surveys at least as far north as Hud- 

 son Strait have been made during the periods 

 shown in figure 23. The results of most of these 

 survey flights are given in the Reports of the 

 International Ice Patrol Service in the North 

 Atlantic Ocean for the years 1963 through 1970 

 (Corwin et al. 1964; Lenczyk. 1965a; Lenczyk, 

 1965b; Murray. 1969a; Murray, 1969b; Murray, 

 1969c; Kelly and Morgan, 1970. Lenczyk (Cor- 

 win et al. 1964; 1965a; 1965b) analyzed the 

 1963. 1964, and 1965 data for the size distribu- 

 tion and travel times of icebergs along the Baffin 

 Island and Labrador coasts. A notable series of 

 surveys were made in 1965 when flights as far 

 north as Hudson Strait were carried out each 

 month of the year, thus giving some indication 

 of the annual iceberg cycle along the Labrador 

 coast. In September 1968 the first complete survey 

 of Baffin Bay since 1949 was made, the surveys 

 between 1964 and 1967 having covered only the 

 western part of the bay. Also in 1968, during 

 August, the U.S. Coast Guard Oceanographic 

 Unit made a photographic survey of West Green- 

 land glacier fronts between 69N and 79N. Similar 

 aerial surveys of Baffin Bay and photographic 

 surveys of the glacier fronts were conducted in 

 the fall of 1969, and are planned for the fall of 

 1970. When the 1970 surveys are completed they 

 will accomplish the goal set in 1939 of surveys 

 for 3 consecutive years. 



29 



