88 THE DETONATION PROCESS 



QH.O.N, ^ r^K,0 + {s-q- CO2 + (^2(7 - s + CO + ^ AT^ 



if g + r/2 ^ 5, corresponding to an oxygen rich explosive, or 



C,H.0.N,-^^H20 + (s-^CO + (q- s + ^C+ | N2 



if g + r/2 ^ s (ox\"gen deficient). 



It will be seen from these equations that to a first approximation 

 free atoms, even of hydrogen, are not significant, molecular hydrogen is 

 not formed in quantity, nor do polyatomic molecules such as CH4, C2H2, 

 HCN, NH3 occur in significant amounts. In this first approximation, 

 the possible presence of OH, O2, NO is also neglected. The reactions 

 considered by Brinkley and Wilson for the equilibrium calculations are : 



In later calculations, Brinkley and Wilson have also included the reac- 

 tions 



3H2 + CO = CH4 + H2O 

 ^ H2 + iN2 = NH3 



For oxygen deficient explosives, such as TNT, and aluminized mixtures 

 the occurrence of solid products must be allowed for in the equation of 

 state, which is done by excluding the volume V s of solid products and 

 using an effective volume Y — Fs. In addition to equilibrium con- 

 stants for the reactions, the theory requires a knowledge of the heats of 

 formation of the various product molecules and the initial loading 

 density. 



Jones' calculations for TNT are made by assuming the reactions 



H2 + C()2 = CO + H2O 



CO + i02 = CO2 



C (solid) + 2H2 = CH4 

 C (solid) + JO2 = CO 



