90 IVORY AND THE ELEPHANT 



inch or so apart, until a pile several inches in height has been 

 made, and then upon this a pile of books, at the end of 

 twenty -four hours a spot can be removed, but the miniature 

 must remain under this pressure for days, until the moisture 

 has all evaporated, or it will buckle. 



A most interesting memorial of early American ivory 

 carving is a card engraved by Paul Revere (1735-1818), the 

 patriotic silversmith and engraver, for a certain Isaac 

 Greenwood of Boston, the text of which reads as follows* : 



Isaac Greenwood, Ivory Turner. Next to Dr. John Clark's at 

 the North end, Boston. Turns all sorts of work in ivory, 

 silver, and brass with fidelity and despatch at a very reasonable 

 rate. Makes umber. 



As a beautiful and artistic decoration for book-covers, 

 nothing surpasses carved ivory, with its soft and harmonious 

 tints. Among such decorations an exceptionally fine one 

 adorns the upper cover of the famous Golden Book of 

 Frankfort-on-the-Main, and provides a most beautiful addi- 

 tion to the massive gold of which the cover is formed. 

 The carved ivory relief measuring 16 x 10 in. is affixed to 

 the centre of the cover, the edges of which extend about four 

 inches beyond the relief. This represents Emperor Charle- 

 magne, and beneath the figure is the inscription: "Carolus 

 Magnus. Synodus Franconojurtensis a. d. DCCXCIV." 

 On a frieze above the emperor's figure is portrayed the 

 Prussian eagle, over and beneath which runs the inscription : 

 " Sub umbra alarum tuarum protege nos" (" Guard us in the 

 shadow of thy wings"). At the base of the relief is carved 

 the eagle of Frankfort with the German words: "Stark im 

 Recht" ("Strong in the right"). This Golden Book is de- 

 signed to record the names of the most distinguished guests of 

 the city of Frankfort, and besides its ivory relief, the cover is 



*Communicated by Gardner Teall, June 11, 1913. 



