376 IVORY AND THE ELEPHANT 



The principal dimensions of the Cohoes Mastodon as 

 mounted are given as follows :* 



Length in a direct line 14 ft 



Length following curve of spinal column 20 ft 



Elevation of the crest of the scapula 8 ft 



Elevation of the crest of the pelvis 8 ft 



Elevation of the head 8 ft 



3 in. 

 6 in. 



4 in. 

 4 in. 



11 in. 



In height the Cohoes specimen is 10 per cent, less than 

 the Warren mastodon, and hence when living the heights 

 would have been about 9| and 10| ft. at the shoulders, 

 respectively. 



The mastodon {Mammut amercanum Kerr) found in a 

 swamp at Otisville, New York, in 1871, and now in the 

 Peabody Museum, Cambridge, Massachusetts, is one of the 

 most perfect specimens of its kind in the United States. It 

 has a height of 8 ft. 3 in. at the shoulder; from socket of tusk 

 to end of tail is 13 ft. 2 in. There are, however, no tusks. 



The magnificent skeleton of the true mammoth, Elephas 

 primigenius, now to be seen in the American Museum of 

 Natural History, New York City, is a typical example of 

 this species of extinct elephant, the habitat of which in pre- 

 glacial and glacial times extended over the greater part of 

 North America. These remains were found in 1904 on the 

 Gift farm, near Jonesboro, Indiana, embedded in a peaty 

 deposit, believed to be of the Middle Pleistocene Age; they 

 lay eight feet below the surface. WTien first uncovered 

 the tusks were in a perfect state of preservation, but were 

 slightly damaged in the work of removal. The skeleton 

 lacked the tail bones as well as those of the feet and of the 

 lower limbs, excepting the left tibia. Restoration of this 

 and of some parts of the skull, of the bony surfaces, and of 

 the tusks had to be made. 



*0p. cit., p. 122. 



