ELEPHANT TUSKS 397 



The tusks of Elephas imperator found with three or four 

 other remains, in association with Equus Scotti, in a sand 

 pit at Dallas, Texas, are fine examples of the ivory growth 

 in the mammoths of olden time. The joint weight of the pair 

 is no less than 498 pounds, and the longest tusk has a length 

 of 13 ft. 9 in.; the basal circumference of the right tusk is 

 23.7 in. or 60.2 cm.; that of the left tusk 22 in. or 55.9 cm. 

 They are now in the Peabody Museum, Cambridge, Mass- 

 achusetts. 



The tusks in the skull of Elephas imperator found in the 

 valley of Mexico and now in the Instituto Geologico, Mexico 

 City, are pronounced to be the longest found in America, 

 and are perhaps the longest in the world. A careful meas- 

 urement made by Prof. G. R. Wieland, of Yale Museum, 

 determined the exact length to be a few centimeters over 

 five meters, equivalent to about 16 J ft. Indeed, it has 

 been conjectured that this figure may fall a little short of the 

 true one, as there may have been a loss of several inches 

 in length through the placing of the tusks in their socket at 

 the Institute.* The observer would hardly suspect the al- 

 together unusual length of these tusks on account of the 

 graceful double curve. 



The molar of Elephas meridionalis Nesti has been found 

 at Mino, Japan, and teeth of Stegodon clifti Falconer, Cope, 

 and of the mastodon have been unearthed at Shodoshuna, 

 Saunki, Japan. 



The extent of the exports of mammoth ivory from Siberia 

 is shown by the arrival in the United States, in 1914, of 

 90,000 pounds of this ivory all from the region of the Lena 

 River. In a single shipment received during the year by an 

 American firm there were an unusual number of tusks weigh- 

 ing upward of 100 pounds, while one exceptionally fine speci- 

 men weighed 225 pounds. Taking the whole range of these 



♦Communicated by Prof. G. R. Wieland. 



