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70 



THE AMEEICAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



soari; and this brood not unlikely occupies, 

 more or less, the whole strip of country between 

 these two points. The facts which we have 

 gleaned as to its appearance in 1861 we deem 

 reliable, as the date was associated witli the flrst 

 year of the rebellion. 



BHOOD X.^Sc2>tcmdccim~lSijl, 1S7D. 



In tlie year 1879, and at intervals of 17 years 

 thereafter, they will, in all probability, appear iu 

 the whole of northwestern Missouri, commenc- 

 ing south about the line of Henry and Johnson 

 counties, and extending iu a northwesterly di- 

 rection to Lawrence and above, in Kansas ; also, 

 incenti-al Ohio. 



The occurrence of this brood iu 1845 and 1862 

 is well remembered by several of our corres- 

 pondents. At St. Joseph, in Buchanan county, 

 Mo., Cicadas were not so thick in 1862 as in 1861. 

 Had it been the reverse, or, in other words, had 

 they been more numerous in 1862 than in 1861, 

 we should have been inclined to record the visit 

 of 1861 as but a precursor to this Brood X; but 

 as it is, we believe the two broods are distinct, 

 and that they occur for two consecutive years 

 both in central Ohio and in portions of north- 

 west Missouri. 



We cannot trace this brood further east, in 

 Missouri, than G-rand River, and yet a detach- 

 ment of it certainly occurs in Ohio, for Mr. 

 Clarke Irvine, of Oregon, Holt county. Mo., 

 well remembers their occurrence in central Ohio 

 in 1845 and 1862. Though we have no knowl- 

 edge of the appearance of this Brood X in Illinois, 

 yet tlie fact of its occurring both in Ohio and in 

 north Missouri, and that, too, but one year after 

 Brood IX, would indicate that there may have 

 been in times past, at all events, if not at the 

 present day, a geographical connection between 

 these two broods. 



BROOD XI.— Sej)lcmdeciiii— 18^3, ISS). 



In the year 1880, and at intervals of 17 years 

 thereafter, they will, in all probability, appear 

 in Central Ohio; also, from western Penn- 

 sylvania down the valley of the Ohio river, and 

 possibly an undetermined distance down the 

 Mississippi. 



This brood is recorded in Oliio as far back as 

 the year 1812, by "A. M. B.," writing to the 

 Chicago Tribune, under date of June 22, 1868. 

 Harris also records its appearance in Ohio in 

 1829, and we have been informed that they were 

 quite numerous in Coles county, in the centre of 

 tlie same State, in 184G, or during the flrst year 

 of the Mexican war. As we have before re- 

 marked, tills brood occurred in Ohio in 1846, 

 simultaneously with onr tredecim brood V in 



south Illinois. Dr. Fitch, in his account of his 

 oth brood, also records its appearance, and states 

 that it reached to Louisiana. But just as our 

 septemdecim Brood VI was confounded with the 

 great ^recZewm Brood XIII in 1855, so we believe 

 that this septemdecim Brood XI was also con- 

 founded with it in 1829, for they both occurred 

 that year. Had the Western country been as 

 thickly settled in 1829 as it was in 1855, the tre- 

 decim Brood XIII could undoubtedly have been 

 traced in southern Illinois and Missouri, etc., in 

 the former as it was in the latter year. We are 

 further borne out in this belief from having no 

 other record of the appearance of this sejdem- 

 decim brood, in Louisiana, than Prof. Potter's 

 statement that they appeared there in 1829, 

 whereas they have occnii-ed there since 1829 at 

 intervals, not of 17, but of 13 years ; and were 

 there the present year, 1868, as we shall show in 

 Brood XIII. The dividing line of these two 

 broods (XI and XIII) is probably the same as 

 with broods VI and XIII. 



BROOD XM.— Septemdecim— l&il, 1881. 



In 1881, and at intervals of 17 years thereafter, 

 they will, in all probability, appear in Marquette 

 and Green Lake counties, in Wisconsin, and 

 may also appear in the western part of North 

 Carolina, in northeast Ohio, and a few in Lan- 

 caster county. Pa., and Westchester county, 

 Xew York. 



There is abundant evidence that they appeared 

 in the counties named in Wisconsin in 1864, and 

 fair evidence that they appeared that year in 

 Summit county, northeast Ohio, while straggling 

 specimens were found in the same year, by Mr. 

 S. S. Rathvon, in Lancaster county. Pa., and by 

 Mr. James Angus, iu Westchester county, N. Y. 

 Dr. Fitch also records their appearance iu 1847, 

 or 17 years previously, iu the western part of 

 Nortli Carolina. The distance between the 

 localities given is very great, and we consider 

 this as a very doubtful brood, and one which 

 requires more working up. 



BROOD Xlll— Tredecim— \S^, 1881. 



In the year 1881, and at intervals of 13 years 

 tliereafter, they will, in all probability, appear 

 in southern Illinois, throughout Missouri, with 

 the exception of the northwestern corner, in 

 Louisiana, Arkansas, Indian Territory, Ken- 

 tucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, and 

 Georgia. 



The junior editor of this paper published the 

 flrst account ever given of the existence of a 

 13-year brood*, and yet this brood has been 

 thoroughly traced since, as having occurred in 

 the years 1816, 1829, 1842, 1855, and 1868; and 



*See Journal of Agriculture, St. Louis, .Time 13, 1868. 



