72 



THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



Loug Island ; at Brooklyn in Itings county, and 

 at Rochester in Monroe count}', New York ; at 

 Fall River, and in the southeastern portion of 

 Massachusetts; at Oakland, (Rutland?) Vt.; 

 from Pennsylvania and Maryland to South 

 Carolina and Georgia ; in northwestern Ohio ; 

 in southern Michigan, and in Indiana. 



Tliis brood has been well recorded in the 

 East in 1715, 1732, 1749, 1766, 1783, 1800, 1817, 

 1834, 1851, and 1868. It is spoken of in "Haz- 

 zard's Register" for 1834, published in Phila- 

 delphia, while Mr. Rathvon has himself wit- 

 nessed its occurrence during the four latter 

 years in Lancaster county. Pa. 



It is the 4th brood of Dr. Fitch, who only says 

 that it " reaches from Pennsylvania and Mary- 

 land to South Carolina and Georgia, and what 

 appears to be a detached branch of it occurs in 

 the southeastern part of Massachusetts."' It is 

 strange that he does not mention its appearance 

 in New York, for Mr. F. ^Y. Collins of Roches- 

 ter, in that State, informs us that he has wit- 

 nessed four returns of it there, namely, in 1817, 

 "34, '51 and '68, while the Brooklyn papers re- 

 cord its appearance there the present season. 

 As these two points in the State are about as far 

 apart as they Avell can be, the intervening coun- 

 try is probably more or less occupied with this 

 brood. 



Mr. II. Rutherford of Oakland,* Vermont, 

 i-ecords their appearance in that neighborliood 

 in 1851 and 1868. (N. Y. Semi- Weekly Tribune, 

 June 27). He also witnessed them in the same 

 place in 1855, and as will be seen by referring to 

 Brood XIII, they also occurred on Long Island 

 and in southeastern Massachusetts in that same 

 year, 1855. Exactlj^ 13 years intervening be- 

 tween 1855 and 1868, one might be led to sup- 

 pose that they had a tredecim brood in the East. 

 But did such a brood exist, it would certainly 

 liave been discovered ere this, in such old set- 

 tled parts of the country, and we are forced to 

 conclude tliat they have nothing but septemde- 

 cim there. By referring to Brood VI, the mys- 

 tery is readily solved, for wc find that in that 

 part of tlie country there are two septemdecim 

 broods — the one having last appeared in 185.5 — 

 the other tlie present year, 1868. 



In Ohio, tliis brood occurred more or less 

 throughout the whole western portion of the 

 State, for our correspondents record them as 

 having appeared in 1868 in Lucas and Hamilton 

 and several intervening counties; and all the 

 evidence we can get tends to prove that they 



* We can find no siich i)Ost office as Oiikland in Vermont, 

 and incline to believe tliat the Tribune compositor made 

 Oakland out of Rutland, and more especially as Rutland is 

 ou the Xew York border . 



belong to this Brood XVI. Mr. Franklin C. Hill 

 of Yellow Springs, in Green county, southwest 

 Ohio, has witnessed their appearance in 1834, 

 1851 and 1868, and they occurred in the north- 

 western part of the State during the three same 

 years ; wliile the correspondent to the Depart- 

 ment of Agriculture, from Toledo, northwest 

 Oliio (July, 1868, Monthly Rep.), says it istlieir 

 9th recorded visit there. 



In Indiana we have reliable evidence of their 

 apijearance in 1868 in the southern part of the 

 State ; in Tiijpecanoe, Delaware, Vigo, Switzer- 

 land, Hendricks, Marion, Dearborn, "Wayne aud'^ 

 Richmond counties. Tlie evidence seems to 

 show that, as in Ohio, tliroughout the State they 

 belong to this septemdecim Brood XVI, for Mr. 

 F. Guy of Sulphur Springs, Mo., has personally 

 informed us that thej^ were in southern Indiana 

 in 1851, and even in Tippecanoe county, on the 

 Wabash river, where from their in'oximitj^ to 

 Brood XIII, we should have inferred them to be 

 tredecim, they are recorded as appearing 

 in 1851. 



In Pennsylvania they were to be seen the 

 I)resent year from Pittsburg to Harrisburg, and 

 from Lancaster to Pliiladelphia. They swarmed 

 in the Cumberland valley, and occurred very 

 generally throughout the State in belts of from 

 two to five miles wide, running north to south. 



From the above sjiioptical view it results 

 that there will, during the next 17 years, be 

 broods of the Periodical Cicada somewhere or 

 other in the United States in A. D. '69, '70, '71, 

 '72, '74, '77, '78, '79, '80, '81, '83, '84 and '86,bltt 

 none, so far as we are at ijresent advised, in A. 

 D. '73, '75, '76, or '82. It further appears that 

 the number of distinct broods appearing in dis- 

 tinct years within the following geograpMcal 

 districts, are as follows : In southern New Eng- 

 land 4 broods, years '69, '72, '77 and '85; in 

 New York 4 broods, years '72, '77, '83 and '85; 

 in New Jersey 2 broods, years '72 and '77; in 

 Pennsylvania 7 broods, years '70, '71, '72, '77, 

 '80, '83 and '85 ; in Ohio 7 broods, years '72, '78, 

 '79, '80, '81, '83 and '85; in Indiana 2 broods, 

 years '71 and '85; in Illinois 4 broods, years '71, 

 '72*, '78 and '81* ; in Wisconsin 2 broods, j'ears 

 '71 and '82; in Mcliigan 2 broods, years 

 '71 and '85; in Iowa 2 broods, years '71 and '78; 

 in Nebraska 1 brood, year '74; in Kansas 1 

 brood, year '79 ; in Missouri 4 broods, years 

 '72*, '78, '79 and '81* ; in Louisiana and Missis- 

 sippi 2 broods, years '71* and '81* ; in Arkansas, 

 Indian Territory, Alabama, Tennessee and Ken- 

 tucky 1 brood, year '81* ; in Geoi-gia 2 broods; 

 years '81* and '85 ; in South Carolina 1 brood, 

 year '85; in North Carolina 3 broods, years '81?, 

 '84 and '85; in East and West Virginia 3 broods, 

 years '72, '80 and 84; in Maryland 2 broods, 

 years '72 and '85 ; and in DclaAvare 1 brood, 

 year '72. 



oar or tredecim 



