90 



THE AMEEICAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



deposit their eggs on the plants, from which eg-gs 

 in due time, hatches a second hrood of worms. 

 These last come to their growth towards the end 

 of September, and, changing to pupse, pass the 

 winter in that state.* 



We first heard of this loaf-i'ollcr in the summer 

 of 1866, when it did considerable damage at Val- 

 paraiso, Indiana, and we were informed bj' Mr. 

 N. R. Strong, of that place, that in 1867 they 

 continued their depredations with him, and des- 

 troyed 10 acres so completely as not to leave 

 plants enough to set half an acre, and that in 

 consequence of this little pest in conjunction 

 with the "VVhite-gruh, he has had to abandon 

 Strawberry culture. 



"When we met the ad interim committee of the 

 Illinois State Horticultural Society at Lacou, in 

 the beginning of July, 1868, w6 received from 

 these gentlemen a quantity of infested straw- 

 berry leaves, from which in the course of the 

 next two or three weeks we bred many of the 

 moths. These specimens had been collected at 

 Mr. Bubaugh's islace, near Princeton, Illinois, 

 where they were said to be very abundant, and 

 to have completely destroyed one strawberry 

 patch containing several acres. 



Subsequently we received another lot of speci- 

 mens from Mr. "VY.E. Lukens, of Sterling, White- 

 side Co., 111., with the following remarks upon 

 this very important subject : 



"Where these insects are thick I would never 

 tliink of raising strawberries. It is strange that 

 I have not noticed any of them work upon this 

 side the river ; while on the south side for a mile 

 up and down they are ruining the crops of ber- 

 ries. Removing the plants does not take with 

 them the moth nor the eggs, so far as has been 

 observed. Agentleman by the name of Kimball, 

 at Prophetstown, had his crop a few years ago en- 



*VVe annex brief descriptions of this insect, l)otli in tlie 

 perfect and in tlie larval states. We are indebted to the dis- 

 tinguished English Microlepidopterist, H. T. Stainton, for 

 the generic detennination of the species, and for the further 

 remark that ' 'it is closely allied to the Kuropean jlreeftyZo^ero 

 comptana (Manual Vol. IF. p. 225), which feeds on various 

 Rosaceae, such as Poterium sanguisorba, Potentilla verna, and 

 Dryas octopetala. ' ' 



Anchylopcrce fragarice, new species. (BMg. 75 c.) Head and 

 thorax reddish brown. Palpi andlcgs paler. Antenna; dusky. 

 Tarsal joints tipped with dusky. Front wings reddish brown, 

 streaked and spotted with black and white as in the figure.— 

 Hind wings and abdomen dusky. Alar expanse O.iO— 0.45 

 inch. Described from nine specimens. 



The lakva (Fig. 75 a) measures, when full grown, 0..35 of 

 an inch. Largest on the first segment tapering thence very 

 siightly to the last. Color varying from very light yellowish 

 brown to dark olive-green or brown . Body soft, somewhat 

 translucent, without polish; the piliferous spots quite large, 

 shining, always light in color, contrasting strongly in the 

 dark specimens with the ground color. Hairs, especially 

 lateral ones, txuite stout and stifl'. .Spots arranged in the 

 normal form , segments 2 and 3 having none , liowever, on their 

 posterior half as have the rest (See flg. 75, b). Head horizon- 

 tal, of a shining fulvous color, with a more or less distinct 

 dark eye-spot and tawny iipiDer lip. Cervical shield of the 

 same shiny appearance. Anal segment with two black spots 

 (See Fig. t5, d) at posterior edge, being conHueut and forming 

 an entire blaclc edge in some specimens. Leg.'i, prologs, and 

 venter of the same color as the body above. 



tirely destroyed b)^ this insect, though it amoun- 

 ted in all to two or three acres. I hear of a great 

 many men in other places having their crops 

 burnt up with the sun, and have no doubt that 

 it was this leaf-roller, and not the sun, that was 

 the real author of the damage. As for myself, 

 I have on this account entirely quit the business 

 of growing sti'awberries." 



The only modes of fighting this new and very 

 destructive foe of the Strawberry — which how- 

 ever seems to be confined to northerly regions — 

 are, 1st, to plough up either in the spring or in 

 the fall, such patches as are badly infested by it, 

 by which means the pupfe will probably be 

 destroyed ; and 2nd, not to procure any plants 

 from an infested region, so as to ruu the risk of 

 introducing the plague upon your own farm. 



The Strawberry False-worm. 



[Emphytus tnaculatiis, Norton. J 



1. Ventral view of pupa; 2, side view of same; 3, enlai-Red sketch of perftct 

 fly, fihowtnf; veins ot wing.s; 4, larva crawlinfc, natural size ; 5, periecl fly, 

 natural size ; 6, larva at rest ; 7, cocoon ; 8, enlarged antenna, showing; joints ; 

 9, enlarged egg. 



This is a worm quite diffei-ent in appearance 

 and belonging to the order of four-winged flies 

 {HymenoptercC) , and not to that of the scaly- 

 winged moths and butterflies {Lepidoptera) , as 

 does the preceding species. It is a soft, dirty- 

 yellow 22-footed worm* that feeds externally ou 

 the leaf of the strawberry, and is illustrated in 

 all its stages in the above Figure 76. 



*We annex a more full accoimt of the larva and pupa for 

 those interested ; 



LiUivA— Length 0.60 to 0.65 when full grown, having chang- 

 ed but little in appearance from time of birth. Somewhat 

 translucent. General color light dirty yellow with a glau- 

 cous shade along dorsal jmd subdor.sal regions , inclining in 

 most cases to deep bhie-green on the thoracic segments. — 

 Minutely wrinkled transversely. Venter light glaucous. 

 Legs— fi pectoral, '14 abdominal and 2 caudal— of the same 

 color. Head of a more decided yellow than body, with 

 usually a dark brown spot above, one nearly of the same size 

 at the upper front, and too rather smaller ones at each side — 

 joined by a brown line — the anterior spot being lower down 

 than the other. In certain specimens these two are blended 

 and there is but a triangular spot on the top of the head, while 

 the depth of shading on the body is also variable. 



Pupa— Of a dirty glaucous color the members being some- 

 what lighter tlian the body. 



J 



