1870.j 19 
first lots were laid whilst we were on the sand hills, the third being deposited the 
day following. This is a well authenticated fact, showing how little we know of the 
Natural History of our favourites ; and pointing to the possibility of observations 
being correct for some time and places, but not forali. Leucophasia sinapis is said 
to be double-drooded in France and the New Forest, the second brood being the form 
known as dinensis ; but this form has never been know to occur in North Lancashire 
or Westmoreland, where sinapis is the most common white butterfly, but is never 
seen there after the early part of June.—C. S. Greeason, Stanley, Liverpool, 
March, 1870. 
[No doubt exceptional second-broods are liable to occur occasionally in all single- 
brooded species; we possess examples of a second brood of Arctia caja. In the 
south of England we imagine L. sinapis to be universally double-brooded. The 
vagaries of Mr. Gregson’s pair of P. fuliginosa as detailed above, are interesting ; 
but the three batches of eggs undoubtedly were only portions of one, and would 
probably have been all deposited at once had the moths not been disturbed; the 
difference of treatment they would experience at the hands of three different 
collectors is quite enough to account for the discrepancies in the time of hatching. 
—Ebps. ] 
On a singular instance of partial gynandromorphism in a Trichopterous insect.— 
During April my friend Mr. W. C. Boyd informed me that he had found Brachy- 
centrus subnubilus, Curtis, in great abundance near Cheshunt, and, at my request, 
he captured a long series. Among them was one example which he thought to be 
hermaphrodite, and on examination, I find it combines the characters of both sexes, 
but in a very unequal manner. I may as well explain beforehand that in the 
family Sericostomidw the palpi are remarkably different in the sexes. In Brachy- 
centrus the maxillary palpi of the g are short and thick, curved over the face, and 
3-jointed ; in the 2 these organs are long and thin, geniculate, and 5-jointed. In the 
neuration of the wings in this genus are the following differences ; in the fore-wing 
of the ¢ the seventh apical sector is simple, whereas it is furcate in the 2: in the 
hind-wing there are two more apical forks in the 9 thanin the ¢. Now, in Mr. 
Boyd’s example, both maxillary palpi are decidedly ? , as is the left fore-wing, which 
measures 6 lines in length, the right only 5 lines, and with the ordinary neural 
differences. But in the appendices and in every other respect (including both 
hind-wings) the characters are as decidedly @. 
Tam not aware that a parallel instance has been recorded. It is the second 
case of gynandromorphism known to me as occurring in the Trichoptera ; the other 
being a specimen of Limnophilus striola taken by Mr. B. Cooke, as recorded in the 
Proc. Ent. Soc., 3 ser., vol. v, p. xcix.—R. McLacuian, Lewisham, 3rd Way, 1870. 
Obituary, 
We deeply regret to have to announce the death of Julius Lederer, of Vienna, 
—one of the most active and energetic Lepidopterologists Europe has produced. 
He died on the 30th of April, at Vienna. During the winter he had not been 
in good health, but was not so unwell as to excite any apprehensions, and he left 
home on the 8th of April for a summer’s collecting tour in the Balkan—but the 
cold at Widdin induced him to turn further south. When, however, he reached 
Rustschuck he became so unwell, that he decided to return home, and reached 
Vienna on the 16th of April, where rest and home comforts seemed to restore him ; 
and he even talked of starting again for Asia Minor—but it was not to be: towards 
the end of the month he became more seriously ill, and died on the 3Uth, to the 
great regret of a large circle of Entomological friends. 
