124 {November, | 
stellate, regularly disposed warts. In the mature larva the head is 
covered with numerous conical warts, and surmounted by a pair of very 
large compound spinous tubercles. The body is by no means uniform, | 
j D | 
the second and third thoracie and eighth abdominal segments being 
“hunched” and tumid, while the first thoracic segment is much smaller 
than any of the others; the warts have changed to very variable tuber- | 
cles—on the second thoracic segment into a long, club-like, spinous 
- appendage,—and are mounted on mammule of different sizes ; the whole, | 
aided by the strange coloration of the animal, presenting a most gro- | 
tesque appearance. 
In the young larva of Grapta, the head is smooth, and the body | 
furnished with three pairs of rows of minute warts, each emitting a_ 
ong tapering hair. In the mature larva, the head is crowned by a pair | 
of long, stout, aculiferous spines; and the body bears seven longitudi- 
nal rows of mammiform elevations, each surmounted by a compound > 
spine. That these spines are not simply the out-growth of the hairs of | 
the immature caterpillar is evident from the fact that there is a median | 
dorsal row which is entirely wanting at birth, and that the position of | 
the other spines, relatively to the sides of the segments upon which | 
they occur, is quite different from that of the hairs in the young | 
' animal. 
The same statement, with generic modifications, may be made of | 
Vanessa and Pyrameis. 
In the genus Argynnis—or, rather, in that section which has been 
rightly separated from it under the name of Brenthis,—the head of the 
young larva is much broader than high, and the body profusely furnished | 
with conical warts, arranged, to a certain extent, in clusters, which 
are in eight longitudinal rows, continuous on the thoracic and ab- 
dominal segments, each wart emitting a very long, tapering, spiculiferous 
hair, expanding into a delicate cup-shaped club at the tip. In the) 
mature larva, the head is equally broad and high, and the body fur- 
nished with six longitudinal rows of simple, not clustered, mammule, — 
differently disposed on the thoracic and abdominal segments, each mam- | 
mula bearing a stout, fleshy, conical, bluntly tipped, aculiferous process. 
In DMelitea, the head of the immature and adult larva scarcely 
differ. In the younger stages, the body is equal, excepting that the | 
posterior half tapers slightly ; in the older period it is also nearly equal, 
but tapers forward a little on the thoracic segments. Besides this, 
we find differences similar to, but even greater than, those referred to : 
in Grapta. In the embryonic larva, the body is furnished with small 
warts, giving rise to rather short, tapering hairs, all arranged in five 
