154, [December, |} 
The larva of the second brood, when young, mines one of the smaller | 
Shoots of Senecio aquaticus near the buds, afterwards it crawls further down, 
entering one of the larger branches at the axil of a leaf (frequently devouring} 
the tender side shoot), and bores down the interior, feeding on the pith till 
nearly full grown, when it again deserts its burrow, and proceeds to the thick 
main stem of the plant, which it enters, and there feeds up, hollowing out a 
space in which to assume the pupa state. In every case a round hole is left: 
for the extrusion of excrement, and, in the final burrow, this is placed exactly 
against the head of the pupa, so that there is no difficulty about the egress of ' 
the perfect insect. This pupa is angular and destitute of hairs, like those -of 
the allied species ( trigonodactylus, ochrodactylus, &c.), but lies perfectly 
free in the burrow, the anal Segment not being attached to the usual button 
of silk. 
The larve of the first brood must feed in May, in the young shoots, then 
just beginning to gtow, the perfect insect appears in the latter part of J une, | 
and again in August and September. 
The larva, when full-grown, is about three-eighths of an inch in length, rather 
thich and plump, tapering much just at each end, the head small, the legs short 
and placed much under the body, the skin smooth, shining, and pellucid; it is 
of a watery, greenish tint, showing a dark greenish dorsal vessel; the sub- 
dorsal stripe is also darker green than the ground colour, and this is bordered 
above by an opaque whitish stripe, which lies beneath the skin, and shows 
partially through its glossy surface; another such faint whitish stripe shows 
through along the side, and below that is another, somewhat inflated, on which 
are the spiracles; the head is black, and so also is a narrow plate across 
the middle of the back of the second segment, which is divided in the centre 
by a thin line of the pale ground colour; the anterior legs are black; the 
tubercular dots above are small and black, those along the spiracular region 
are rather larger, and those on the front part of the thirteenth segment are 
very much larger still; a black plate is on the anal flap: it is noteworthy that 
such tubercular dot in this Pterophorus has but a single hair. The pupa is 
smooth, nearly three-eighths of an inch in length ; the wing and leg cases 
meeting in a point low down the abdomen, and in close contact with it; in 
colour, it is pale whitish-ochreous, the abdumen a little deeper tinted, it is 
generally striped and marked with brown, particularly on the head and back of 
the thorax ; the dorsal marking is a series of brown acute triangles. —W. B. 
; 
The diversity in the habits of the larvee and pup of the Pterophoride 
is very great. Ochrodactylus (Bertram) devours the hearts of the shoots of 
Achillea Ptarmica and millefolium, eating down into the stem, and assumes 
the pupa state on the plant. Lsodactylus lives as larva and pupa within the 
stems of Senecio. Trigonodactylus devours the middle of the seed-heads of 
Tussilago, drawing together the wings of the seeds so as to form a sort of 
cocoon, in which it assumes the pupa state. Zeucrii withers the young shoot 
of Teucrium, to feed on the drooping leaves. Lipunctidactylus, Pam jie 
formed, feeds ix the flowers of Scabiosa succisa, and Loewti on seeds of 
LErythrea centaurium. Plagiodactylus hollows out shoots of scabious, en- 
Fy 
