20 
THE GARDENERS’ 
delivery of all such pirated catalogues and price- 
lists, and any copies or colourable imitations on 
blocks or otherwise of illustrations in the plaintiffs’ 
sion of defendants, their servants, or ag 
damages for the detention or conversion thereof, 
By an order made in Chambers on De 1 
— 
— 
the action was settled upon the defendants con- - 
to an injunction being entered against 
damages were assessed at 
£25. Eastern Daily Press, Dec, 28, 1894. 
GAS- FIRED BOILERS FOR 
ENHOUSES, 
Tue use of aia for oy agate isa 
question of considerable interest to m and I 
believe the actual working results sasay sais yet 
been published in a complete form. I bave had gas- 
fired boilers, more or less in use, for the last eighteen 
years, and during this time experiments have bee 
made under exact working conditi 9 By utilising 
the flue-heat, a very simple matter a gas-fire 
boiler, practically she pe theoretical . can be 
obtained as mbu 
can be cooled down to withia 20° of the e e 
f the house, without interfering with the steady 
working of the flue, 
Copper boilers are frequently considered to be the 
| 
best, but unless the water is kept very clean, ee is 
always a liability to deposit of dirt on the botto; 
which interferes with the proper in a 
and burning the bottom out, an accident which does 
not occur to cast-iron boilers 
As regards cost, this wales enormously with the 
minimum temperature required. In an ordinary 
winter, a house 20 feet square, span-roofed, 12 feet 
high to ridge, glass all round, but well protected from 
winds, will require an — of 74 cubic feet of gas 
per hour for six m 8, to maintain a minimum 
of 45°. It is not pat to say that a certain gas 
ene en will give a certain rise of temperature 
outside; this is only possible in a dead 
more than double the fuel 
only reliable guide is the average for the whole 
n. 
How the cost will vary with the minimum tempe- 
rature kept, may be shown by the thermograph 
record for a single week. Taking as an example the 
of 35°, firing would have been needed for 25 hours; 
45°, 145 hours; 55°, 168 hours. The average mean 
temperature for the week is 42°. It will be seen 
netance, ing a ie 
ds. If the 
week in question had been a stormy one, with strong 
a the gas consumption would have been at least 
bled. 
The daily differences are so great that no mpeg 
cen be taken for less than the whole season. | The 
dency of amateurs to keep up an unnecessarily high 
temperature; a cold greenhouse, with a minimum 
of 35° coats very little, a warm greenhouse or 
r con- 
even in the land of the ee and Ola i 
mornings are A rae 3 cold. 
cost of gas and coke,—Under equal 
conditions o economy (which are not practicable), 
cubic feet of gas, 
culated. I pay here 4s, per 1 
and the 19 feet will cost jast one penny. Common 
gas-coke costs, delivered here, 138. 6d. per ton, and 
cost of coke, a 
difference for continuous work on 
very small scale; the largest house which should be 
attempted with gas fuel, if cost is any object, 8 
be about 20 feet square, with a minimum of 45° 0 
leas. 
Whilst on this subject, it is worthy of mention 
that a very tiny gas-fired boiler in Wardian or 
window-cases a increases the use and beauty of 
these when managed judiciously, not so much on 
account of the temperature, but rather from 
power of drying and controlling the rx and 
state of the air inside the case. hav und from 
glass case, Thos. Fletcher, 
Cheshire, 
TOMATO EXPERIMENTS. 
Owixe to the immense demand for the Tomato 
fruit in the general market, and for canning purposes, 
as also its extensive domestic culture, this fruit 
portant crop, and it has 3 been more widely 
and 1 investigated at the various horticul- 
ental stations hie any other garden 
product. 
According toa tere estimate there were canned 
in the United State 892 no fewer than 3 223 165 
cases of Tomatos, rir case containing two dozen 
cans. In the State of New Jersey alone the esti- 
mated area of Tomatos grown i 
£200,000. The value of the Tomato 
crop in Virginia in 1889 was estimated at about the 
same -= re. 
this 1 industry, the experimental 
. in a gwg eee have made investiga- 
tions with a view te increasing the yield of the 
Tomato, and Phe > che profits of the Tomato 
grower, These researches have embraced studies of 
injarious insects, of the various diseases affecting the 
plant, tests of methods of transplanting, general 
culture, training, and manuring. The eben 
haracter and 3 composition of the 
has also been ned, 
1 
At the Ohio station observed that the 
ite, 
of using immature seed w. 
several 
to mature its fruit earlier, but the vigour of the plant 
impaired. As practical lessons it w. as suggested 
that the Tomato might be rendered more productive 
and earlier by a treatment reduring the native vigour 
of the plant, as by gro i 
rer used. Frequent 
some transplanting ee seedlings, to secure 
ed, 
CHRONICLE. 
[January 5, 1895, 
growth, and the pot-grown plants produced 
fruit than the transplanted, a large part of it earlier 
in the season, 
The supporting of Tomato bines on a stake, frame 
trellis, or platform has been tried, with the i 
that some form of support is in all cases approved, at 
least for garden practice, Training toa single atem 
supported by a stake, is found to greatly increase the 
yield per square foot — — — 3 earlier fruit, and 
decreases the inju 
Wee have been tried at the pe! York Cr. 
cing of Toma- 
a which it is judged, may tei carried $ on with profit, — 
though it requires close attention, Some of the points 
made are that an abundance of sunlight is essential, 
a rich soil liberally fertilised is demanded, that winter 
Tomatos like a brisk bottom-heat, and that in mid- 
winter the flowers must be pollinated by hand, 
Manovrina, 
othe caer toe a fertilisers upon Tomatos have 
een very n s. Most of these tests indi 
that nitrate T mg is @ manure especially suited to 
the Tomato—in fact, in the States, it is considered 
almost a specific for this plant, with that of other 
applications. 
The Thirteenth Annual Report of the New Jersey 
State Agricultural Experiment Station just issued, 
shows the effect of different quantities and different 
methods of ee of nitrate of soda upon the 
yield of Tomatos per acre, Won is indicated in 
detail in the — compari :— 
Comparison of Average Increased Yields of Tomatos. 
Baskets.. 
Yield from unmanured land .. jo B15 
Increased yield due to mineral manures alone ae 
yield due to twenty loads of farmyard 
ma — 165 
Average increased yield due to nitrate soda alone 183 
Average increased yield due to a mixture „ 
nitrate soda and mineral manures „ e 
Variations in Increased Yield of Tomatos due to iyen 
Methods of Application of Nitrate of Soda. 
(Nitrate of Soda used alone). . 
160 Ib. p in one application 
160 lb. per acre in two applications on 
2 
2 
2 
p 
— 
Qs 
— 
Gain from one application. s 
Baskets. 
* 1 
G34 
po lb. per acre in one application „ „ „ 
320 Ib. p ppli ications  » ™ be! 
Gain from two applications... „ 8 © 
(Nitrate of Soda and Mineral Manure Combined), . 
160 Ib. per acre in one application . 1 15 
160 lb. per acre in two applications „5 
Gain — one ae er „ „ 
320 lb. lication on w — 
320 lb. per acre in two applications” „ 
pa. 
from one applica “ 4 
A study of the above . shows, that è 
e present instance nitrate of soda Was Sio 
effective than farm-yard 
than the mineral elements, phosphoric ae 
potasb, and that nitrate of soda alone, or in Ow 
nection with minerals, was equally effective. < 
comparison of yields from different quantities | 
nitrate, it is shown that when used alone the 
quantity is much more effective than 
slightly less effective than s com 
supplying both nitrogen and minerals, 
3. When small paee of ni 
second application is advantageous. 
4, Large quantities (320 lb. 
are more effective than small 
nitrate of soda is governed, other 
