584 
THE GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE. 
[May 
Paris Green should be obtained in a damp state, 
or paste form, which is better and safer than 8 
and used at the rate of 1 lb. to from 180 t 
gallons of water, according to ed age and condition 
of the leafage. The mixture must be kept well 
stirred in order that the parie may be chanted 
at an pee tie 3 as the Paris Green falls to 
the bot It is not advisable to spray with 
ait enen what the trees are in full blossom, 
unless the attack he hea severe; in this case the 
solution must be w 
As the object is “not to dislodge the caterpillars, 
b ut t 
be made to af my gentle rain, upon the oe 
For this purpose fine rose jets should be used 
The othe reso compound is London Purple,” 
obtained in the manufacture of aniline dyes, and 
composed of lime — arsenious acid. One pound 4 
London Purple should be mixe 
260 gallons o of — tng nod — well stirred, bein 
applied in the same he Paris Gr 
— upon the e in 1 — of a heavy ea, 
r mist, and not squirted violently upon the leaves. 
bande Purple can be obtained in a fluid form ready 
for mixing with water. It is as poisonous as Paris 
Stock must not be put on grass in orchards where 
these arsenical solutions have been used on the fruit 
trees until a considerable period has elapsed and 
rains have fallen; nor must these dressings be used 
where Gooseberries for early picking, and herbs and 
vegetables for early use are grown under the trees, 
Three or four days will elapse before the effect 
of these solutions is apparent, and, sper it will 
be found necessary to repeat the application 
These solutions can be put on w 
ettes 
ging with Paris Green, London 
solutions recomme nded for the caterpillars 
weevil — us pomorum), frequently 
present in large numbers, and re Apple sucker 
(Paylla mali), which causes much harm in many 
localities. Whitehall Place, S. . May, 1893, 
Reprinted April, 1895. 
BERLIN. 
ASCOCHYTA PISI. Al AN INJURIOUS 
PARASITE ON PEAS, 
Ir is well known that a number of parasitic fungi 
are loosely adherent to the seeds, and thus become 
dispersed. Another class of parasitic fungi grows in 
the testa of the seed. Whilst th 
this is a more difficult matter in the second case, 
But there are also instances in which the fun 
grows within the J itself, and here it is quite 
impossible to Kai Ma parasite without injuring 
the embryo. Such 
fungus, which last year aden ae 25 1 
tions in Pomerania. The fungus has been well 
known for a long time, but only as destroying the 
Pea-pod, As Prof. Frank showed at the last meet- 
feet, and appear to be quite 
healthy, But . they dry up at the base, 
owing to the ravages of the fongus, 
Scilla maritima,—A gigantic bulb of this species, 
imported from Algeria, and weighing 8 aa toa 
wn at the last meeting at the Royal 
cultural Society of Berlin. The bulb did not 1 
directly on the sea-shore, but half. an- hour from it 
amongst the rocks on the bills in loamy soil. 
Ontario Apple, and Apple von Lunow.—These two 
are to be very highly re com- 
can variety, may be 
Calvil. The second is a novelty about 3 inches in 
height and en of conical form, bright yellow, 
with scarlet blotches. It was found in the hamlet 
Lunow, in the Mark of Brandenburg. U. D. 
FLORISTS’ FLOWERS. 
— . — 
THE FIRST BREAK IN THE CHRYSAN- 
THEMUM. 
AR methods of cultivation pursued in the pro- 
duction of large blooms for exhibition or otherwise 
are identical. The first break is always an important 
themum cu 
of mishap afterward 
do possess the requisite ae fail to make use 
of it at the right time. The failure to cultivate a 
Chrysanthemum with success can usually be traced 
to mistakes made at the first break. It is perhaps 
well to begin by defining the garden term “first 
break.” I may here observe that I am not now 
writing for those who wish to become successful 
exhibitors, or grow fine flowers for conservato 
W 
anthemum culture, aos so man 
ing up the cultivation of 
is plant, that a few Thi for their guidance will not 
be amiss, The orthodox method of producing large 
1 ++ 
der e ee until branches come out of the ste 
aturally. This formation of branches is es in 
garden parlance the first break,” and the cause 
it is the forming of a 1 as the top p of the 
stem, which arrests further ard growt 
mn and forces ove w start from Artie in 
the ory f the 1 s. This, then, is the explanation 
of the “ first break.” There is no hard-and- 
fast time eri this first break should take place, for 
much depends upon the variety itself, the age of the 
plants, and their management from the cutting stage 
onwards. Some varieties make their first break at 
about 1 foot above the soil; others grow 3 feet before 
the flower-bud forms at the end of the stem, many 
varieties yet a flower-bud in the month of 
April, and a greate May, while naturally- 
tall aot will ae rie so till the month of June is 
well adva e varieties will throw ten side- 
shoots or — from one stem. 
shoots would in due time devin flowers 
the object of the grower is the 8 ‘ot large 
blooms, a limit must be the number of 
S 
ə orthodox num 
those varieties which have large blooms, and in th 
case of small-flowering types of the — 
such as Lady Selborne among Japanese, and Mrs 
Rundle among incurved varieties, six blooms are not 
too many for the plants to bring to perfection. Some 
cultivators keep to a single stem, thinking that by 
having one bloom on a plant it will be v very superior; 
that, however, is not my opinion, and I have spent 
me time in growing plants with one bloom, and 
t or an earwig took a fancy to th 
succulent morsel. Three blooms on — atom 
then, is the number I fayour generally, Directly the 
shoots are strong enough to be han 
most promising should be dee e 
and the others pinched off. The best and 
p e being served by allowing it to 
neat salts should then be placed 
he 
this time means, of course, loss of hen 5 
important that the plants be not crowded whily 
growth, and the growth should be renee 
and firm as possible, and this can only be bn 
about by exposure to sun and air. Experience un 
of these varieties. E. Moly 
COLONIAL NOTES, 
FRUIT-GROWING IN VI 
Am has been lately held in 
wines mary Mini ster of Agriculture andr 
to 
was expressed that unless the freight was re 
2s, 6d., = fruit export industry would a 
great au 
* 
Queensland Ti-tree is stated 
best material for packing 1 7 
than Cork-dust. This 
te 
friends will take p 
nacular, and tell us of what the 
consists. 
CULTURAL MEMOR 
AZALEA MOLLIS, — 
Tus is a well-known valuable plant, 
and growing 8 ; 
supplied with water ( 2 * i, 
and syringing them overhead until plen 
ds 
he plants out of doors to ripen the 
Pirna musoosa (A 
plant, owi 
amall obovate 
i 
d placed any 
the soil and returning th 
aos the — part of the 
then gradually inured to sunshine an 
Rewia G 
This pretty stove- plant, of 
is not grown so much as it 
