SEC. 4.] NEIGHBORHOOD OF BUCHAOO, &C. ] 37 



The hard gritty sandstone, No. 4 in the section^ is seen just below 

 the trap, with only a parting of brown hsematitie claystone. The soft 

 yellow sandstones and gravels below are highly ferruginous, passing 

 upward iuto black hsematitic grit and conglomerate ; the grit consisting 

 of angular grains of quartz and felspar imbedded in an amorphous 

 paste of limonite. 



At the northern base of the scarp is a coarse conglomerate band 

 with large smooth pebbles of opaque white quartz, probably a portion 

 of the upper Jurassic sandstones. 



Some of the ferruginous beds in the upper part of these hills have 

 drusy cavities, containing pure haematite in botry- 



Iron ore. 



oidal concretions. This ore was smelted form- 

 erly in the neighboring villages and at Buchaoo, but of late years 

 the manufacture of iron has been given up owing to the scarcity of 

 fuel and the facility with which the imported metal can be obtained. 



The lateritic beds of the sub-nummulitic group are frequently 

 found along the southern side of the range im- 



Lateritic teds. 



mediately succeeding the traps. They are in 

 places pseudo-conglomeritic and very volcanic-looking. 



At the village of Loonwa the red mottled argillaceous variety 

 attains a considerable thickness, for a well is sunk 



Loonwa. 



in it to a depth of 45 feet. 



In the stream cliff north of the village a vertical section exposes 

 some of the white and faintly mottled, sandy upper Jurassic beds, with 

 a visible thickness of 50 feet. Their deposition is very irregular and 

 oblique. Above these is the black hsematitic bed with angular cavities 

 and grains of quartz. The upper part of this rock here also passes up 

 into conglomerate. 



On higher ground the yellow gritty sandstone is found in its usual 

 place beneath a capping of the grey basaltic trap. 



( 137 ) 



