170 WYNNE: GEOLOCn- OF KUTCH. [PAUT 11. 



divisioiij rarely contain any fossils, and probably represent transition beds 

 through which the indefinite boundary of the two groups might pass 

 anywhere. 



Not far from the temple, upon a low ridge due north of the city, 

 and again on the right bank of the Kara (salt) river to the west, 

 shells of Poiamides palustris were found as usual in a fragmentary 

 state lying loose upon the surface of the ground. 



The much more shaly rocks which underlie those above described 

 form the steep cliff banks of tbe ' Kara' river, 

 one of which intersecting a small sandstone hill 

 on the west side of the stream, not far from the temple to the north- 

 ■west of Bhooj, shows a section measuring 110 feet in height. The 

 lower 40 feet of this is dark gray shales, which with a low southerly 

 inclination extend up the stream for a long distance, and crop to tbe 

 surface of the country about a quarter of a mile to the north. The 

 shaly and flaggy beds along the stream are in general unfossiliferous, but 

 one or two small winged pecten-like shells were found in them on the 

 west side of the stream ; and where this is crossed by the Dhosa road 

 from Bhooj, a band of hard calcareous rock, associated with blue silicious 

 compact grit, contained casts of Pleurotomaria, and, in the concretionary 

 shales beneath, others of small bivalve shells. Plant fragments are 

 less uncommon, being observed in the greatest numbers near the ford 

 from Bhooj to Ruttria, southward of a place where the rocks are 

 intensely contorted and crushed for a short distance, and traversed by 

 peculiarly breeciated and other dykes of lava-like trap, the walls of which 

 show, as is often the case, considerable alteration. One of the intru- 

 sions here is most irregular, and encloses massive blocks of hardened 

 shales. The upper part of the river banks at this place are formed of 

 an indefinite rubbly kunkury deposit ; and on the west side, of a deep 

 red, ferruginous, horizontal layer, looking like a recomposed or newer 

 rock than the Jurassic beds about this neighbourhood. 

 ( 170 ) 



