CHAP. 5.] ROCK FORMATIONS. — UPPER JURASSIC. 53 



It has been said that the character of certain portions varies later- 

 ally ; thus the lower Jurassic rocks of the Putchum, 

 Lateral variation. i • , i • i i 



which thickly sheet its lofty ' Kala ' range, are hard 



silicious limestones and other calcareous beds — a group more largely 

 developed here than in any other part of the district, becoming more 

 shaly as the section descends. The same rocks extending into Kurreer 

 and Bela to the east are still hard enough to carry on the same gentle 

 sloping form of the hills upon the dip, but are, though very similar in 

 color and appearance, less decidedly calcareous, and, while they contain 

 numerous marine fossils, seem to underlie the Ammonite-bearing zone. 

 In the Wagir tract, where from the structure of the country they 

 would be expected to re-appear, the general aspect of the beds changes 

 entirely; ferruginous and white sandstones predominate, associated' 

 with shales of grayer color and less rusty appearance than those which 

 accompany the calcareous beds of the hills to the north : but one 

 thick calcareous zone at the west side of this tract, containing many 

 beautifully preserved bivalves, though differing as to the general as- 

 semblage of fossils, has a strong resemblance to the rocks of the island 

 ranges ; it underlies beds containing Ammonites, yet contains a few 

 itself, and is underlaid by some beds in which Belemnites and plant 

 fragments are almost the only fossils. 



The strata of the Wagir tract undulate, with dips in all directions 

 Position of the Wagir SO that the lowest beds ought to be found in the 

 centre of it ; but here the Kurreer and Bela beds 

 do not appear, the rocks having much of the characteristic look of the 

 upper and intermediate beds, while in places this appearance extends, 

 with the northerly dip, to the north side of the tract, passing under the 

 Runn; but where the rocks come up again in Bela, &c., on the opposite 

 side of a synclinal curve, the change pointed out above becomes evident. 

 Further west the part of Wagir opposite to Kurreer seems to form with 

 that island a continuation of the synclinal, the shape of the hills and 



( 53 ) 



