53 WYNNE : GEOLOGY OF KTJTCH. [PART I. 



ferruginous partings. The red color gives place to whitcj and the ferru- 

 ginous beds are either rugged^ full of annelid tubes, and root-like rami- 

 fications, or appear as strong, nearly black, grits speckled with quartz 

 grains ; strong beds of quartzite-like texture also occur. Oblique 

 lamination is common, and some of the thick, warm, cream-colored beds 

 are finely mottled with red, pink, yellow and white. Gray and white 

 shales or mudstone bands still appear, and some of these, but by no means 

 frequently, are crowded with matted impressions 



ZamicE. 



of Zamia, ferns, mosses, and other land plants 

 without a fragment of any marine form. 



In the lower part of these upper beds the vegetable remains have 



accumulated at one or two places to such an ex- 

 Coal seams. 



tent as to form thin seams of coal with brilliant 

 facets, but much mixed with carbonaceous shale, and not of workable 

 thickness. 



The bulk of the fossils found in this part of the formation are 

 thus distinctly terrestrial, yet at the western side 



Interstratification of ... . . 



marine and terrestrial of the district intercalation again appears ; a few 



forms. . . • 1 11 1 ■ 1 



beds containing marine shells having been met 

 with, some of which, according to Dr. Stoliczka, possess peculiar interest 

 from their relations to south African forms. 



While there are but few varieties of the rocks of either sub-division 

 ,.,, , . , that might not occasionally be found anywhere in 



General litliological ^ j j 



distinction. ^jjg formation, the lower beds are generally more 



largely associated with argillaceous kinds, and have a yellower tint ; the 

 upper portion being marked by a predominance of white coarsely 

 arenaceous and gravelly beds ; and the largest assemblage of red and 

 ferruo'inous strata lying generally, but not always, intermediate between 

 the two. In all parts of the formation the rocks are frequently so saline 

 as strongly to impregnate the water of the wells and streams. 



( 5a ) 



