382 MOUNDVILLE REVISITED. 
tines of deer-antlers, used as arrowheads; knuckle bones of deer; a part of a bone 
needle with an eye. 
With fragments of animal bones were a humerus of the Virginia deer and part 
of the upper jaw of the black-bear, probably Ursus americanus. We are indebted 
to Prof. F. A. Lucas for these identifications. 
The finding of the incisor of a beaver will be referred to elsewhere in this report. 
In the ground south of Mound D, 
apart from human remains and widely 
separated, were two femurs belonging 
to two bears of different size—both 
young, as the epiphyses were not 
attached. The shafts of these femurs 
are highly polished as by long and 
energetic use. In the same position 
in each is a deep depression which 
could have been made by friction with 
the thumb through a long period of 
time. Just such a depression has 
been worn on the hard-wood handle 
of the trowel which has been in use 
for years in our expeditions, which 
also shows the high polish seen on the 
showing highly conventionalized serpentdesign. (amar Salts of the femurs. The great tro- 
one-third size.) chanter of each femur is rounded and 
worn to some extent as by gentle use 
or with more vigorous treatment under soft material—a pad of soft hide, perhaps, 
as Professor Putnam has suggested to us. 
A complete description of these bones (one of which is shown in Fig. 75) was 
sent to the National Museum, which courteously reported that no similar objects 
were in its collection. Archaeologists consulted by us have no suggestions to offer 
other than our own belief that the femurs are drum-sticks. Тһе high polish and 
the grooves can well be accounted for if we bear in mind the frenzied beating of 
the medicine-man, continued over long periods; and the light wear on the great 
trochanters resulted no doubt from use under a soft covering intended for protection 
of the head of the drum. | 
STONE OBJECTS. 
At our first visit to Moundville we found a large vase of diorite, beautifully 
carved—a triumph of aboriginal endeavor. 
At our second visit, with burial No. 77, ап adult lying at full length on 
the back in the ground south of Mound D, we unearthed a stone bowl in many 
fragments, all of which, fortunately, were recovered and have been cemented 
together (Figs. 76, 77, 78, 79). 
