Qiieries and Answers, 



95 



pears to be masticated wood or straw, mixed up with some glutinous fluid, 

 and having altogether an appearance not unlike the grey bibulous paper in 

 which slate pencils are enveloped, but not so thick by half. — G. M. Lynn 

 Regis, Sept. 3. 1829. 



CucuUus simplex. — Sir, The following is a drawing (j%. 20.) of two 



fossil shells in my possession, which appear to be the Cucullus simplex of 

 Rumphius (tabula 59. litera B). They are firmly united together ; but 

 whether the connection was of a tenderer nature at first, than it is at present, 

 I must leave to the learned to determine. Yours, &c. — F. R. S. Oct. 1829. 



Ladanum was procured in the time of Dioscorides by goats, as your cor- 

 respondent. Professor Thomson, observes 

 (Vol. II. p. 408.) ; but Tournefort informs us 

 that it is now gathered by means of a sort of 

 whip, made of leather thongs, fastened in two 

 rows to a long handle, of which he gives an 

 engraving, {fig' 21.) When Tournefort 

 was in Crete he went to visit the district 

 where the ledon, or C'istus creticus, grows, 

 and saw a set of peasants, in the hottest time 

 of the day, busily employed in flogging the 

 shrubs with these whips, till they were 

 covered with the ladanum, and they then 

 scraped off the gum and prepared it in lumps 

 for sale. — P. in B. August. 1829. 



Fall of the Leaf in Evergreens. — Do fir 

 trees, laurels, box, holly, and other ever- 

 greens, shed and renew their leaves annually; 

 and, if they do, how and when does the pro- 

 cess take place, as they never appear devoid 

 of leaves ? — M. F. Oct. 1829. 



Mr. Tatem^s Method of making Meteoro- 

 logical Observations. — Sir, Allow me to beg 

 a space in your valuable pages, to reply to 

 the remarks of your intelligent correspondent, 

 Mr. Gorrie of Annat Gardens, Perthshire, on 

 my meteorological observations for last year. 



