368 Antediluvian %oology. 



geological situation of which is probably similar to that of the 

 coal-measures of England. 



Impressions, resembling the footsteps made by tortoises, 

 were not long since noticed on the surface of beds of new red 

 sandstone in Dumfriesshire. 



Turtle and tortoises occur in the lias, and occasionally in 

 some intermediate formations, particularly the Purbeck stone, 

 up to the London clay. 



There are evidently many of these animals occurring in a 

 fossil state ; but much difficulty exists in determining the spe- 

 cies. Some of them are marine, and others belong to fresh- 

 water deposits. The strata of Tilgate Forest contain some of 

 this class, which Mr. Mantell has determined to belong to the 

 genera Trionyx, E^mys, and Chelcinia. E^mys has also been 

 found at Sheppey. 



MAMMIFEROUS ANIMALS. 



Marine Mammalia, Viviparous, producing their young alive. 



Qeti, — ^alae^na, or Whale, &c. Bones of several cetaceous 

 animals occur in marine diluvium, particularly in Norfolk. 

 They have been traced much earlier in the Stonesfield slate, 

 in the Tilgate stone, the Kimmeridge clay, and in limestone 

 near Bath. Their occurrence is somewhat rare with us, but 

 less so on some parts of the Continent. In Italy, entire 

 skeletons, at 1 200 ft. elevation. Baron Cuvier enumerates 

 10 fossil species. " One is like a species native of the Ganges ; 

 a second has no close affinity with any known species ; while 

 the remaining eight bear a resemblance to the species at 

 present natives of the British seas." — Dr, Fleming, 



Lamantines and Dolphins have not yet been observed in 

 England. They have come under the observation of Con- 

 tinental geologists, in beds allied to our highest marine form- 

 ations. 



Vhbcce, or Seals, — In marine diluvium on the banks of the 

 Forth. 



QUADRUPEDS. 



The animals of this class whose skeletons abound amidst 

 the debris of the ancient world, are conceived to have been 

 in existence at that epoch which immediately preceded the 

 deluge. Accumulations of similar debris, containing precisely 

 similar animal remains, have, from time to time, been dis- 

 covered in every explored part of our globe. Hence an 

 argument has been employed, that the climate of that ancient 

 world was universal, at least that the temperature was more 

 equal at that period than now. 



With regard to the geological distribution of fossil quadru- 



