226 Zoological Society. 



The different regions of the carapace are also clearly distinguished : 

 the body of this new carapace is coriaceous ; the warts are more cal- 

 careous, and consist for the most part of small irregularly-shaped 

 plates, arranged circularly round a small group of calcareous scales. 

 These groups are of different sizes, from that of the head of a small 

 pin to the space occupied by the top of a tolerably large nail. On 

 a small portion of the carapace, on each side of the middle knob, and 

 in two lines directed towards the front, there are distinct portions of 

 calcareous matter already formed, while on the abdominal plates 

 there are still more extensive calcareous portions formed in the co- 

 rium ; the various groups of plates are distinctly visible, most of the 

 scales are perforated, and through the holes in many cases a short 

 hair or bristle protrudes. This new skin is only visible on the cara- 

 pace and on the abdominal plates. 



ECHINOCEKUS (LiTHODES) CIBARIUS. 



Carapace considerably wider than long, subtriangular, very irre- 

 gular above ; the front sinuated, with a large projecting pointed beak 

 springing from the middle, and armed above with three or four spines 

 arising from one knob ; the sinus on each side has three spines, the 

 outer one very large and projecting ; edge of the carapace more or 

 less spined all round, the spines on the latero-anterior ridges being 

 sharp, those on the latero-posterior and posterior edges being blunt ; 

 the latero-anterior and latero-posterior edges separated by a deep 

 notch ; general surface of carapace closely covered with tubercles, 

 which are perforated, and furnished with bristles springing from the 

 holes ; on the stomachal region there is a high conical projection, 

 the sides of which are comparatively smooth ; near the base of this 

 on each side is a smooth somewhat oval wart, with an impressed line 

 behind it ; on each branchial region a high conical projection, and 

 another behind the middle of a straight line drawn between the 

 branchial tubercles ; the posterior edge of the carapace with two 

 rather large tubercles separated by a slight sinus. 



Chelce with the end of the fingers hollowed out somewhat like a 

 spoon, the edges granulated, the hands with numerous large bristly 

 pointed tubercles on the outside, three of these being on the upper 

 edge ; the wrist with a large triangular expansion on the inside, 

 which is spined and tubercled above ; second, third and fourth pairs 

 of legs nearly as long as the first pair, and very similar in appearance, 

 but not so thick ; the third joint from the tarsus flat on the sides ; 

 the upper surface of the legs with large conical bristly tubercles or 

 spines ; the spines on the tibial joint arranged in three longitudinal 

 lines ; the tarsus spined, particularly on the lower edge ; fifth pair of 

 legs quite concealed within the branchial cavities. 



Outer antennce with a large appendage at the base ; this appendage 

 is smooth below, and has four longitudinal rows of spines on its up- 

 per portion, the lateral rows having the longest spines. 



Inner antennas situated beneath and to the outside of the eyes ; the 

 first joint very thick, particularly at the base, subcylindrical ; second 

 and third joints cylindrical, nearly equal in length, thickest at the tips. 



