354 On the extinct and existing Bovine Animals of Scandinavia. 



meri 8:6; breadth of lower joint's superficies 2 : 4. Radius 

 about 10 in. Metacarp. 7:3; breadth of lower articular surface 

 2 in. The pelvis in a right line 1 ft. 2 in. 2 lin. Foram. ob- 

 turat. oval, in front somewhat narrower. Os femoris 11:4. 

 Tibia 11:4. Metatarsus 8 : 4. First toe-joint 2 in., second 1:2; 

 the hoof 2 : 2. 



Abode. — This slender-built almost deer-like species of Ox has 

 existed wild contemporaneously with the forementioned animals 

 in the south and west of Scania ; and, as it appears, was found 

 here in great numbers, probably in large flocks, in the vast 

 forests with which the land was everywhere covered. It is not 

 till within the last few years that our attention has been directed 

 to its fossil remains, and already I have obtained several both of 

 skulls and skeletons. In the Zoological Museum in Lund is pre- 

 served a skull which was taken up from a deep turf-bog near the 

 Cathedral in Lund ; and the back part of the skull with the horn- 

 cores of a very old specimen was found, while digging a well, at the 

 depth of nine ells,likewise in Lund. From a turf-bog in the district 

 of Skytts I have obtained a skull ; and from a turf-bog belonging 

 to the parsonage of Nobbelof, in the district of Ljunit, two ske- 

 letons of this species of Ox have been dug up during this summer. 

 At the close of the late meeting of Naturalists in Copenhagen, 

 Professor Steenstrup exhibited a recently dug-up skull belonging 

 to this species found in a turf-bog in Seeland. In Ireland and 

 England several remains have been found in different places, and 

 in relatively older earth-beds. In England they have been found 

 together with the bones of the mammoth and rhinoceros (Owen, 

 p. 510) ; they have been found in earth-beds over which lay a 

 bed of marine shells, and over that a bed of freshwater shells 

 (p. 511) : in Ireland they have been found in freshwater marl 

 under turf-bogs, together with the bones of the Cervus megaceros, 

 from which we can form an idea of their great antiquity ; but 

 they have also been found in the same turf-bogs, whence Pro- 

 fessor Owen draws the conclusion that this species of Ox con- 

 tinued to live there even after the last-mentioned species of ani- 

 mal was already extinct. > With us, in the south of Scania, it 

 lived contemporaneously with the Reindeer, Bos primigenius, and 

 Bos frontosus : it was certainly among the Herbivora that came 

 into the country after the ' period of destruction/ when the fields 

 were again clothed with grass, bushes and forests. With us, 

 and, as far as we know, over all Europe, they were, as wild, 

 exterminated before the so-called historic period. That this 

 same species of fossil remains might be found in Germany also 

 is more than merely probable, although none as yet have been 

 noticed. How far this species of Ox in former times has any- 



