34 CRETACEOUS EOCKS OP S. IXDIA. [ParT II. § 1- 



distant point, appear to form an almost continuous flat-topped range run- 

 ning in an East and West direction, and becoming gradually more elevated 

 from East to West, when they terminate abruptly in an almost precipitous 

 escarpment a few miles from Namcul Droog. On nearer approach they 

 are seen to consist of two principal groups kuo-\vn respectively as the CoUa- 

 muUays and Puchamullays, and separated by a gap, contracted to a narrow 

 pass at its Northern end, (through which a road leads to Ahtoor and 

 Salem,) and opening out towards the South at Oopillapoorara. In this 

 gap rises the Tyaur, a large tributary of the Cauvery, which joins that 

 river at the upper end of Seringham island. Of the two groups, that 



to the West, the Collamullays, attains a height 

 Their elevation. ■,.-,-, 



of nearly 6,000 feet, while the elevation oi the 



Puchamullays nowhere exceeds 3,000 feet, and is considerably less on the 

 verge of their Eastern slope. In this direction they do not terminate 

 abruptly as do the Collamullays on their Western flank, but a number of 

 Detached hills to the detached hills and short ranges, gradually diminish- 

 Eastward, -j^g -^^ height, tail off to the Eastward, and terminate 

 in Terany Hill, a small outlier of about 1 50 feet in height, at the foot 

 of which rest, with almost undisturbed bedding, the oldest rocks of 

 the sedimentary series. 



Some miles to the North, in the neighbourhood of Volcondah 

 and Perambaloor, are a few insolated bosses at some distance from 

 the principal range. The Easternmost of these is Nedduvassel 

 (Neddawassel) Hill, about 2 miles to the West of the Cretaceous 

 rocks. 



In the plain to the South of the hills are also a few detached bosses, but 

 To the South • TuUa- ^^'^*^ ^^® exception of Tullamullay, a magnificent 

 "^"^'^y' solitary peak, which towers up to a height of more 



than 1,500 feet, almost opposite to the Western limit of the Collamullays, 

 none attain sufficient elevation to become important features in the 

 landscape. 



