58 CRETACEOUS ROCKS OF S. INDIA. [PaRT II. § 1. 



partly of subsequent formation to the lowest beds of tlio Ootatoor Group, 



in which, as we shall presently see, small local imconformities, indicating 



irregular deposition, are of very frequent occurrence. 



Immediately South of Cullpaudy I have mapped a considerable area 



as coral-reef limestone. Except, however, close 

 Cullpaudy ridge. ,.,„.. 



to the village very little of it is seen : the ground, 



which is high, being for the most thickly covered with regur, through 



which the limestone peeps up here and there. Some blocks of it that 



had been dug up by quaiTymen, and were freshly 

 Limestone not pure, 



broken, much resembled the limestones of the 



Ootatoor Group which rest upon it. They contained a considerable 



amount of ferruginous clay, as does also much of the Tripatoor limestone, 



but in the freshly broken masses the iron was not peroxidised, but, as is 



generally the case in unweathered limestones, existed as a carbonate, giving 



a bluish-grey color to the stone. The stone contained, moreover, many 



irregular veins and " vugs" of crystallized calc-spar, the filling of jDre-exist- 



insf cavities. This character I have never noticed in the bedded lime- 



stones of the overlying deposits. Some fragments 

 Loose stmctui-e. 



exhibit, when broken, a loose arenaceous stracture, 



the particles of calcareous sand of which they are composed being merely 



agglutinated and not cemented, as is usually the case, into a dense limestone. 



Several little patches of coral-reef limestone occur in the neigh- 



^. , ,-, ^ bourhood of Maravattoor, abounding in corals. 

 Limestone at Maravat- '^ ' 



too'^'- some of them of very large size. These bosses are, 



however, of so small an extent that they could not be shown on the 



map Avithout much exaggeration. The limestone is of a sandy structure, 



similar to that at Cullpaudy. 



Beyond Maravattoor no coral-reef limestone is met with in situ, for 



about 8 miles, bat in the conglomerates at the 

 North of Maravattoor. 



base of the Ootatoor Group, which are Avell exposed 



in the nullah East of Parully, numerous fragments of the limestone and 



