Chap. XI.] cuddalore sandstones. 171 



To the North of Motepolliam the boundary of the formation bends 



,, , , otT considerably to the Eastward, and, between 



Scarped boundary along •' 



theGuddalum. that village and Vellumpaleyara, again rises into 



a little escarpment, which continues with few interruptions from 



^ ,. ,-. „ this point to beyond Cuddalore. At Vellum- 



Formation at V ellum- ^ •' 



paleyam, paleyam some quarries have been opened by 



the natives, who use the stone chiefly for the manufacture of 



rice-mortars, and for the construction of revetments to their 



tank-bunds. The stone is a coarse soft white sandstone, not 



very homogeneous, but easily worked. The bedding is not well 



marked, but appears to dip 1° or 2° to South-east, and the rock 



is intersected by two sets of joints which much facilitate quarrying 



operations. One of these varies from E. by N. to E. N. E. and is very 



distinct, the joints being 4 or 5 feet apart, but rather irregular. — 



The other is less distinct, and the joints more distant. It runs 



North by West, and is therefore about at right angles to the first 



system. 



A large outlier, in part bounded by an escarpment, covers 



^, , , , much of the Cretaceous rocks to the West of 



Cnendamungalum out- 



^e^^- Vellumpaleyara, but offers nothing worthy of 



special notice. 



By the side of the road which crosses the Guddalum, South of Panu- 



rutti, (near Tiruvadi,) a gully cuts deeply into the 



Formation atPanuratti. ^^^^^^^^^,^ ^eds, about half a mile from the South 



bank of the river, exposing a white hackly clay, Avhich is used by the 

 natives in the neighbourhood for making their caste marks. I examined 

 it closely, in the hope of finding plant remains, which occur in a very 

 similar clay near Trivicary, but without success. Opposite Tiruvadi 

 the Cuddalore beds are well exposed in the bank of the river. They 

 are soft grits of a pink-tinge, and somewhat pebbly : as usual they are 

 covered with 12 to 15 feet of red soil. 



