174 CRETACEOUS ROCKS OF 8. INDIA. [PaRT II. § 2. 



At Trivicary, immediately to the East of the village, some low broken 

 hillocks of ferruginous grits rest on the gneiss, which, to the West 

 of the village, rises into the low hills mentioned by Mr. Kaye. At the 

 base the ^rits are very conglomeratic, and the whole formation is much 

 false-bedded. The rocks are much denuded, and cut up by a number 

 of little gullies, and in the beds so exposed large masses of exogenous 

 silicified wood are imbedded : some of the trunks 



Silicified wood. , , . c r ^ ^ r 



exposed bemg \o or 20 feet long and o or 6 feet 

 in girth,* They are all prostrate, but, judging from their state of preser- 

 vation, have probably not been transported far from the spot where 

 they grew. The grits extend to the bank of the Ariancoopum, in the 

 bed of which they are well exposed, and a small patch of them also 

 crowns the right bank of the river. 



To the North-east, the Cuddalore beds rest on Cretaceous rocks, which 



crop out beyond their Western boundary. Near their extremity, at half a 



mile to the North-west of the village of Konipet, a 



Plant-bed, Konipet. 



hard marly bed is exposed in some broken ground, 

 full of fragmentary plant remains. These were, however, very imperfect : 

 they consisted chiefly of broken stalks, with one or two specimens of 

 what appeared to be seeds and buds ; some appeared to be portions of 

 exogenous leaves, but I could not clearly determine the nature of any 

 of those fragments. 



The rocks comprising the Red Hills to the East of the Cretaceous area 



closely resemble those at Trivicary. In several 



Red Hills. -^ -^ 



small nullahs to the East of the Ossatary tank, 



they are seen resting on the denuded surface of the Arrialoor beds, 



* This wood has been described and figured by Professors Schleiden and Schmidt 

 of Jena, (Uber die Natur der kiesel Holzer) under the name of Pence Schmidiana. Captain 

 Newbold mentions the occurrence of a trunk 100 feet in length. The locality was first 

 described, and a sketch published by Captain John Warren in 1810. As. Researches, Vol. XI., 

 page 1. He mentions a tree, parts of which existing in situ showed that the perfect trunk 

 must have been 60 feet in length : its diameter at the smaller end, where inserted in the rock, 

 2 feet, at the bottom of the trunk 4J feet, and at the roots, where broadest, 8 or 9 feet. 



