INTRODUCTOliy. 9 



maimds=384 Ibs.^ of which Rs. 2-4 were exacted as duty by the 

 Malik, whose income of Rs. 10,000 per annum was entirely derived from 

 the mineral resources of the country : the salt trade, however, being-, 

 with the exception of 300 to 700 maunds, which the Malik was 

 permitted to sell, monopolised by Rajah Golab Siug-. 



In his bulky Leiirluch der Salinenhmde, published at Berlin in 

 ^ ,, _ 1846, Vol. I, page 677, Dr. Karsten refers to 



Dr. Kai'sten, 1846. 



the Salt Range and Trans-Indus Salt rocks 

 speaking of both as belonging to one continuous range springing from 

 the Sufed Koh of Afghanistan, thus repeating the error of previous 

 writers, from whom he appears to have derived it. 



Nest in order of time are the first of the more extensive and ac- 

 Dr. Andrew Fleming, curate Writings of Dr. A. Fleming, who with 

 1848—1853. ^^Q assistants was specially sent by Government 



to make a survey of the geology of the Salt Range. '^ 



The ability and general accuracy of description with which Dr. 

 Fleming^s reports are fraught, contrast with many of the geological 

 writings of early Indian observers. His examination of the district in 

 question was both more careful and more detailed than that of his pre- 

 decessor, and was attended with much sounder results. 



The first of his papers mainly refers to the minerals and their 



sources, his preliminary examination having been 

 His first report, 1848. i i • i , • - • n ia i • i 



cursory and his determination or the geological 

 horizons of certain of the strata afiected by the effort to correlate dis- 

 tant deposits closely with the European series. 



His second paper f is an interesting diary of the journey on 



which he appears to have collected the data of 



His diary, 1849. 



his first report. 



* Report on tlie Salt Range and on its coal and other minerals, by Andrew Flem- 

 ing, M.D., Edinburgh, Assistant Surgeon, 7th Bengal Native Infantry : Jour, As. Soc, Ben., 

 Vol. XVII, p. 500. 1848. 



t- Diary of a trip to Pind-Dadun- Khan and the Salt Range, by the same author : Jour, 

 As. Soc, Beng., Vol. XVIII, p. 661. 1849. 



B ( 9 ) 



