TNTRODUCTOllY. 35 



the hill limestone of Khairi Murut,''^ westward of Rawal Pindi, or, indeed, 

 as the Salt Range nummulitic limestone rests on underlying rocks. 



But a break is mentioned at the top of this Salt Range nummulitic 

 limestone based upon the occurrence of a layer with limestone and flint 

 pebbles just below the junction with the overlying sandstones, &c. : the 

 parallelism between the two remaining still as prominent as elsewhere 

 in the whole series. I have long sought for evidence in favour of this 

 supposed unconformity, but have never been able to prove it completely 

 by any denuded surface of the older rock ; the junction layer spoken of 

 where I have seen it, appeared made up of fragments not distantly 

 derived. West of the Indus, indeed, I believe a peculiar sudden transi- 

 tion takes place.f 



A suggestion is made that the Salt Range nummulitic limestone 

 represents that at the bottom of the Sabdthu zone, strong indications of 

 the connexion occurring in the hsematitic clay and coal bands at its base. J 

 The Nahan fauna is declared still unknown, and it is noticed that the 

 ossiferous Mammalian beds are all Siwalik. The Sirm6r triple group 

 referred to is not represented in this country. 



A new sub-di\-ision is introduced to receive the Upper Siwalik 

 conglomerates; and a post-tertiary conglomerate series (which has repre- 

 sentatives near the Salt Range) forms an unconformable group, inter- 

 mediate between the tertiary beds and the alluvium. Hence, the only 

 tertiary sub-divisions near the Salt Range will be nummulitic, Nahan 

 and Siwaliks, the latter comprising lower and upper groups. 



It will be seen from the foregoing account of previously published 

 matter relating to the geology of the Salt Range, that it is hardly an 

 easy task to furnish a report, brought up to date, which shall not in too 

 great a measure repeat the observations to be found in former papers, 

 nor yet leave unnoticed circumstances of importance. Differences in the 

 conclusions arrived at have been generally suppressed in the preceding 

 notes, but statements of contrary views will be found further on. 



* Believed to be nummulitic in part, if not aU, 



t On Mount Tilla, Eec. Geol. Sufv. Ind., Vol. Ill, p. 83. Mems. Geol. Surv. Ind., 

 Vol. XI, Pt. 2, p. 65, and several junctions in detailed descriptions, 

 X Memoirs, same vol., p. 139, 



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