S8 WYNNE : GEOLOGY 01' THE SALT RANGE IN THE PUNJAB, 



from the Miocene to the Siwaliks of India^ — and most of them are 

 in favour of the more recent period. Without entering into recondite 

 theories of elevation here^ I may point out that the whole of the Salt 

 Range series, up to the top of the nummulitic limestone at leasts 

 being conformable, and this series, together with the overlying tertiary 

 beds up to the Siwalik group partaking of the general disturbance, the 

 last elevation is shown to have taken place, or to have been going 

 on subsequently to the upper tertiary period. The evidence afforded 

 by the rocks is too uncertain to show whether this action was remittent 

 or recurrent, but the varied nature of the whole series would suggest 

 many changes of level.* 



The subsidence alluded to by previous writers as necessary for 

 the accumulation of several thousand feet of tertiary strata, would 

 indicate a depression of far greater amount than the present total elevation 

 of the range, and the break in the tertiary series, just above the 

 local nummulitic limestone, alluded to by Mr. Medlicott,t might well be 

 connected with some of the more recent oscillations. 



So far as I can judge, the structure of the range leads to the 

 inference that its existence is due to complicated lateral compression 



* The Salt Range gives indications of the existence of land at no great distance, con- 

 temporaneously with the formation of several of its boulder beds, even so far back as the 

 period of its earliest groups, and again at various stages up to tertiary times. In one 

 case a section in supposed Triassic beds, between Pid and Kheura, exposed what seemed to 

 be an old river course. The transported fragments in these boulder beds include very 

 similar varieties of crystalline rocks irrespective of age, and amongst them rocks unknown 

 to exist northward of the range. This suggests the idea that the land whence these frag- 

 ments came may have been situated to the south. Other indications of contemporary hind 

 jn that direction may be found in the fossil vegetation of the newer rocks us well us their 

 remains of land animals. 



f Rccoi-ds, Geol. Sur. Ind,, Vol, IX, p. 55. 



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