PHYSICAL FEATURES. 59 



under unequal conditions of resistance, which in a late tertiary period 

 developed itself in local disturbance along- one or more lines of fissure coin- 

 ciding- with the direction of the uniclinal escarpments, the whole of 

 the features having been subsequently much modified by meteoric 

 erosion. 



The strongly marked relations which often exist between the forms 



and structures of mountains are seldom more evi- 

 Relations between the • i <-. i -r. t i • 



form of the ground and deut than lu the Salt Kange. In this case they 



its sreological structure. ,.^ ij- •• si j. l • j.-i j-ii> 



" ° result trom much disparity or texture in the diiier- 



ent strata, and they are most pronounced where the disturbance has been 

 least violent. 



Not alone are these relations observable in detail, but they affect the 

 range generally, for its strata differ from those of the neighbouring lower 

 country (where these can be seen), and the outcrops of many varieties 

 of the rocks are indicated in the forms of the ground. Thus the Kuddera 

 country of the northern slopes is always formed of soft sandstones with 

 innumerable alternations of clay bands j the plateaux are chiefly com- 

 posed of limestone, rarely overlaid by some beds of the succeeding group, 

 and all the escarpments are formed of the hard limestone, of still harder 

 dolomite or magnesian sandstone, or where this is absent, of massive or 

 uniform beds presenting a relative contrast of texture to others in their 

 vicinity. 



The escarpments frequently exhibit three or more groups of different 

 hardness, some of them producing under-cliffs, and 

 many of the slopes both on the plateaux and along 



the unscarped mountain sides are derived directly from the bedding of 



the rocks. 



On the south side of the range below the solid escarpment the frag- 

 Disintegration, south ^entary stratigraphical relations all but defy in- 

 side of range. terpretation, the transition from continuity to 



( 59 ) 



