104 WYNNE: GEOLOGY OF THE SALT RANGE IN THE PUNJAB. 



boulders. The enclosed rounded fragments in these are always of crys- 

 talline rocks and sometimes of great size. Passing westwards among the 

 upper beds of the group, brown, variegated, and 



Western beds. . i <• i 'i 



dark green sandstones, with granules of phosphate 

 of iron, are associated with calcareous layers, marls, and coaly bands, and 

 sometimes with bands of haematite. In some of these western localities the 

 sandstones and calcareous layers contain large Nautili, long thin spines of 

 the genus Cidaris, other Echinidce, Astrea, and the Terehratula Flemingii, 

 to which attention was called by Mr. Davidson as 

 unlikely to be of carboniferous age. Far below all 

 these in eastern parts of the group, thick, greenish-olive, deeply-weathered 

 sandstones enclose considerable numbers of the casts of large bivalves 

 as yet undeterminable, but, like all the other fossils collected from these 

 rocks, possessing a cretaceous rather than a newer aspect."^ 



The whole group, which from its prevailing colour I have called 



the " Olive groiip," resembles many of the others 

 Distribution. , . r. •, t , m j- 



01 the range in the irregularity ot its distribution. 



It is absent at Mount Tilla and Chambal Mountain (east) ; may be 

 said to commence in the hills near Bhaganwala, and increases gra- 

 dually towards the eastern plateau, over which and on Diljaba Mountain it 

 is most largely developed. The lower shaly, block- or boulder-conglome- 

 rates t are especially well exposed as to quantity at the north-eastern part 

 of Chel hill, and the whole group may be traced on 



^VllGPG SG6I1* 



the south side of Karangli hill round the edges 



* Dr. Waagen. I found some small-ribbed protuberances on weathered surfaces of 

 tbe sandstones belonging to this group in the Jutana Beat, which struck me as peculiar from 

 their always occurring in pairs. Though very indefinite, Dr. Stoliczka, on seeing them, 

 suggested at once their being the opened valves of Trigonm lying close together. 



f A block of red granite, of about 100 cubic feet, believed to have been derived from 

 these beds, but now lying on the " Saline Series," occurs to the eastward of the Salt 

 Collector's bungalow at the Mayo mines, Khewra. Another very much smaller, well- 

 rounded boulder, also fairly supposed to have lain in these conglomerates, was discovered 

 lately by Mr. Theobald to be glacially striated. He found it near Karangli on the eastern 

 plateau. 



( 104 ) 



