112 WYNNE: GEOLOGY OE THE SALT RANGE IN THE PUNJAB. 



overlyiug" drab or pink clays constitutes the highest known part of the 

 Siwalik series. 



The whole of this Siwalik group locally abounds with ossiferous 



mammalian remains, but frequently for long dis- 



The whole sandstone > rj.ii • i, 



.Q^ tauces no iragment worth preserving can be 



obtained. It has recently yielded to Mr. Theobald 



a large collection from the valley between the Tilla and Bakrala ridges, 



and numerous fossils have also been found in the vicinity of Lehri to 



the eastward. 



The Nahan representative sandstones and clays, besides forming the 

 northern foot of the Salt Range, rise upon its slopes near Kalar Kahar, 

 overspreading a large depression in the limestone plateau and running 

 upwards to the very margin of the Sardi glen on its western side. 

 Several outlying portions of the group also occur on the top of the range, 

 either left by denudation or previously to this having been faulted in 

 among the nummulitic limestone rocks. Cases of this kind occur near 

 Choya-Saidan-Shah, Dilwal, Sahetti, near the heads of the Bhal portion 

 of the Nilawan ravine, close by the villaga of Pail and north of the 

 cliffs over Jalar lake, where these lower beds of the sandstone series 

 contain large fossil (rib) bones. 



At the termination of the Salt Range proper on the Indus, the chief 

 exposures of the detrital tertiary rocks consist of the Siwalik sandstones 

 and clays (with some which may be of Nahan age) . Besides these, the 

 only considerable exposure of any other group cis-Indus is of the red 

 salt marl : the two extremes of the Salt Range series thus meeting, to 

 the actual exclusion of everything else, in places. 



The small quantity of petroleum found in these tertiary rocks and 

 the stream washings for gold will be subsequently noticed. 



The thickness of the tertiary sandstones and days in the vicinity 

 of the Salt Range must be great : the Nahan beds are about 1,000 feet 

 in the Bakrala ridge, the lower Siwaliks may be 7,500 feet, and the 

 ( 112 ) 



