PART II. 

 DETAILED DESCRIPTION. 



Section I. — Bakrala Ridge.* 



In describing the local features observed at various points in the 

 Salt Range, both the form of the ground and disposition of the rocks 

 suo-o-est that it will be best to commence to the east where the series is 

 least full, passing on westward to its termination as the " Salt Range 

 proper '' at Mari on the Indus. 



Most people who have passed that way in the daytime may 



remember on the Grand Trunk Road, about twenty 

 Situation. t • 



miles above J helum, a sharp dip into a river valley, 



and then a long ascent over intensely ravined ground, towards a higher 



grey rocky ridge which the road crosses, through a tortuous and not 



unpicturesque defile. This is the Bakrala ridge, taking its name from 



the pass, or a small village on its southern side. The ridge commences 



about four miles northward by east of the road, and may be said to 



terminate at Diljaba Mountain, having a length altogether of some 



thirty-three miles, and an average height of 1,200 to 1,500 feet 



above the lower ground in its neighbourhood; that lying to the 



north being some 400 or 500 feet higher than the open valley to the 



south.f 



In the pass itself a fair section of the beds is seen, showing them 



to form an open, contorted, anticlinal curve, undu- 

 Bakrala Pass. 



lating a good deal within the pass, but dipping 



steeply at 40°, 50°, and 60°, to the north of west and south of east 



* The Bakrala Pass lies a little way beyond the limits shown upon the map, but as 

 the rocks form part of the oldest tertiary sandstones, &c., near the Salt Range, they are here 

 described. 



t Where not stated to be otherwise (as in this case), the heights given arc those 

 marked upon the Government maps showing altitudes above sea level. 



( 119 ) 



