136 WYNNE : GEOLOGY OF THE SALT RANGE IN THE PUNJAB, 



Section IV. — Jalalpur to Jutana. 



The well-marked escarpment from Jalalpur to Jutana exposes very 



much the same section as Mount Tilla. The salt 



scarpmen , ^^^^ shows a thickness of thirty to fifty feet 



beneath the JaMlpur end of the ridge, and on the northern side a thin 



representative of the salt-pseudomorph zone appears in its proper place 



as reo-ards the underlying beds, but overlaid by the tertiary sandstones, 



etc. to the exclusion of the nummulitic limestone and olive groups. 



The beds forming the ridge have steady dips of 30°, 40°, and 50° to 



the north-east, with a tendency to flatten on the 



Thil and to the west. , mi -i i r n i j i • i 



outcrop, as at Thii, a couple ot miles beyond which 



place a thin yellowish calcareous marly bed represents the nummulitic 

 limestone. The red salt-marl is not known here, but a portion of it may 

 be concealed beneath the debris immediately at the base of the escarp- 

 ment. Above this comes the purple sandstone, well developed and suc- 

 ceeded by a talus of the dark shaly silurian zone , then the strong beds 

 of the magnesian sandstone ; then the red salt-crystal-cast zone, thicker 

 than before; the nummulitic band, the grey, gravelly, and pseudo-conglo- 

 meratic tertiary sandstones on the northern slope; the tertiary red 

 clay zone at its foot, and the brown clay and grey sandstone beds of 

 the Siwalik groups down in the Bunhar valley between this and Mount 

 Tdla. (See section, fig. 16, PI. XIV.) 



In this neighbourhood, at a considerable height upon the talus at the 

 southern side of the ridge, a kind of drift or rain-wash contains numbers 

 of small crystalline and metamorphic boulders, the source of which is rather 

 mysterious, seeing that the olive group, with its clay-shale conglomerates 

 consisting so largely of these fragments, is not represented in the local 

 section. The Jhelum river passes through a country in which conglo- 

 merates of the tertiary series contain numbers of the same or similar crys- 

 talline boulders, and their presence here may indicate their having been 

 transported by this river in former times. 

 { 136 ) 



