146 WYNNE : GEOLOGY OF THE SALT RANGE IN THE PUNJAB. 



Towards the south-west end of the Chel ridge the plateau lime- 

 South-west end of stone rests upon a thin red band, probably repre- 

 ^"®*- senting the salt-crystal zone, beneath which are 



the conglomerates and shale- conglomerate of the olive group ; all dipping 

 gently towards the plateau. These beds are brought up along the fault 

 on the plateau side of Chel ridge, in contact with the rocks of this hill. 

 Crossing the low arch formed by these beds, to the opposite side of the 

 ridge, another fault is met with which brings a vertical portion of the 

 same red bands against the ends of the Chel beds, and beyond these a 

 mass of the underlying shale-conglomerate with metamorphic pebbles 

 appears. A third fault places these in contact with the dark plant 

 shales (?), overlying red and white, variegated hsematitie clay^ both of 

 which are overlaid by the nummulitic limestone with a gentle dip 

 towards the Potwar plateau. 



The latter rock forms a large outlying mass, resting on the north- 

 eastern flanks of the Karangli hill, turned up and faulted at both sides, 

 but passing gently under steeply scarped Nahan sandstones, &c., towards 

 the low ground. The limestone only occurs towards the northern end 

 of Karangli hill, being there cut ofi" by a prolon- 

 gation of the most extensive fault of the whole 

 range. From beneath it crop out gray, brown, and olive sandstones 

 and flao-s, with bands of dark shale and conglomerate, in which nothing 

 oro^anic could be detected. Below these are other dark, shaly bands, in 

 places flaggy, which contain a few small and fragmentary plant remains, 

 and beneath all are strong conglomerates of metamorphic-pebbles, and 

 shales, resting directly on the magnesian group, in a hollow at the 

 south-west end of the Chel ridge; the intermediate red zone No. 8 

 having apparently died out. 



These magnesian sandstones, &c., rise (see section, fig. 19, PI. XV), 

 to the escarpment and form the summit of 

 Karangli Hill,* (3,528 feet,) where they contain 



* This elevation, and indeed all conspicuous heights on the Salt Range, including 

 Salcpsar itseU', can be recognised from Murree on a clear day. 



( 146 ) 



